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SOKWANELE
Enough
is Enough
We have a fundamental
right to freedom of expression!
On 17 August 2004, SADC leaders meeting in Mauritius adopted the SADC Protocol – Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections. Zimbabwe, as a member of SADC, also signed the Protocol and committed itself to implementing its standards.
“Mauritius Watch” provides a
regular, objective and non-partisan assessment of Zimbabwe’s compliance with the
Protocol. In the run-up to the 2005
Parliamentary Elections we note any significant failures to adhere to the SADC
standards.
Date |
Incidents/Developments
|
SADC standards breached |
16.12.04 |
EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT RESOLUTION On
December 16 the European Parliament passed an important resolution on Zimbabwe
which bears directly on the forthcoming elections and in particular on
compliance with the SADC electoral standards.
The resolution reads, in part: “The
European Parliament: 1. Insists
that all political interference in the distribution of international food aid is
halted without delay to prevent the ZANU PF government from using food as a
political weapon. 2. Insists
that repressive legislation such as the Public Order and Security Act (POSA) is
repealed and the forthcoming elections in Zimbabwe are held in accordance with
the SADC principles and guidelines governing democratic elections, including
those agreed in Mauritius on August 17 2004, with unimpeded access for
international observers and an end to intimidation of opposition
supporters. 3. Demands
the immediate release (from prison) of Roy Bennett MP (opposition party MP for
Chimanimani) and the cessation of all violence and intimidation towards his
family and employees. 4. Calls
upon Zimbabwe’s neighbours and in particular President Thabo Mbeki of South
Africa, who recently addressed the European Parliament, to engage on behalf of
the people of Zimbabwe to bring about change for the better and to ensure that
the Zimbabwean Government fully cooperates with SADC and the wider international
community to guarantee free and fair elections and a robust and timely
international monitoring presence … (For
the full text of the resolution see: http://www.zimbabwedemocracytrust.org/outcomes/details?contentId=1684 |
|
20.12.04 |
FRESH WAVE OF VIOLENCE AGAINST OPPOSITION State security agents and ruling ZANU PF party militias stepped up terror and violence, displacing 69 opposition supporters from their homes in October alone, according to the Zimbabwe Human Rights’ Forum (ZHRF). The ZHRF, which is now itself under threat because of the repressive Non Government Organisations (NGO) Act, brings together 17 of the biggest human rights NGOs in Zimbabwe and regularly reports on political violence and human rights abuses in the country. In its latest report released just before Christmas, the group said at least four people were tortured in October, either by state agents or militant supports of Robert Mugabe and his ZANU PF party. This brings to 169 the number of torture cases recorded since January 2004. Four people suspected of being supporters of the country’s main opposition party, the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), were kidnapped during October and their whereabouts was still unknown at the time the ZHRF report was produced. The October abductions brought to 61 the number of politically motivated kidnappings since the beginning of 2004. (See the report on Zim Online – www.zimonline.co.za) |
2.1.3 Political tolerance 4.1.1 Constitutional and legal guarantees of freedom and rights of the citizens 4.1.2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.4. (Government to) safeguard the human and civil liberties of all citizens, including the freedom of movement, assembly, association, expression and campaigning … during the electoral process … 7.5 (Government to) take all necessary measures and precautions to prevent the perpetration of fraud, rigging or any other illegal practices throughout the whole electoral process. |
02.01.05 |
ZANU
PF MILITIAS DENY OPPOSITION FOOD Youth
militias trained by the Mugabe regime who are helping the state’s Grain
Marketing Board (GMB) distribute food at the resort town of Kariba, are
demanding that hungry people produce ruling ZANU PF party membership cards
before they are given food. The
youths, who were trained under the state’s national youth service training
programme, were seconded by the GMB to help the parastatal distribute maize at a
subsidized rate to starving people in the town on Zimbabwe’s border with
Zambia. “I
have queued for mealie meal for the last four days without success,” said a
father of six who admitted to being a member of the main opposition Movement for
Democratic Change (MDC) party. “Each day the youths insist that only ZANU PF
members get mealie meal,” added the father who did not want to be named for fear
of further victimization. More
than three million Zimbabweans need food aid between now and the next harvest in
March, despite earlier claims by Mugabe that the regime had produced enough food
to feed itself – and indeed that there was a “bumper harvest” on the
way. (For
the full report see Zim Online:
www.zimonline.co.za) |
4.1.1. Constitutional and legal guarantees of freedom and rights of the citizens 4.1.3 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.5 (Government to) take all necessary measures and precautions to prevent the perpetration of fraud, rigging or any other illegal practices throughout the whole electoral process, in order to maintain peace and security |
19.12.04 |
SOLDIERS ATTACK MDC SUPPORTERS It was reported in the Zimbabwean Standard that soldiers from the Zimbabwean army (which takes its orders from the Mugabe regime) beat up at least 10 opposition Movement For Democratic Change (MDC) supporters, seriously injuring one. The attacks took place at the Sharenza Shopping Centre near Mayo in the Makoni North province during mid December. The soldiers accused the MDC supporters of attending an “illegal” rally. According to Elton Mangoma, the aspiring MDC candidate for this constituency in the forthcoming parliamentary elections, the matter was reported to the police but (typically) no arrests were made. Mangoma said an MDC activist, Elias Sithole, was seriously injured after being assaulted by the soldiers, who insisted he take them to his home where they found MDC party membership cards and T-shirts. “They forced Sithole to wear all the T-shirts and force-marched him to the shops where they made him swim in a small pond with dirty water while chanting ZANU PF slogans. They kicked him until he could not defend himself and left him for dead,” said Mangoma. It is understood that Sithole was taken first to the Macheke hospital and then transferred to a hospital in Harare for treatment. (See the full story in The Standard: http://www.thestandard.co.zw/) |
2.1.2 Freedom of
association 2.1.3 Political tolerance 4.1. 2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful
elections 7.4 (Government to) safeguard the human and
civil liberties of all citizens including the freedom of movement, assembly,
association, expression and campaigning … 7.7(Government
to) ensure that adequate security is provided to all parties participating in
the elections |
12.04 |
POLICE DISRUPT PRIMARY ELECTIONS The main opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party’s primary elections set for the Marondera constituency had to be abandoned just before Christmas after young thugs from the ruling ZANU PF party started beating delegates who had assembled for the meeting. Two huts belonging to the MDC youth district chairperson, Tapfumanevi Maketo, were burnt down while the parents of the MDC’s organising secretary, Edward Dzeka, were assaulted for hiding their son from the mob. The drama began after the police moved in to block the meeting, alleging ZANU PF had booked the hall before the MDC. This was despite the fact that the police had initially granted permission to the opposition to hold the meeting. The police also insisted on taking down the names of all the delegates to the meeting, a tactic said to be used to intimidate people in the rural areas. It is alleged that the sitting (ZANU PF) member of parliament for the area, Brigadier Ambrose Mutinhiri, ordered the disruption of the MDC meeting. (This report was carried on SW Radio Africa: http://www.swradioafrica.com/) |
2.1.1 Full participation of the citizens in the political process 2.1.2 Freedom of association 4.1.1 Constitutional and legal guarantees of freedom and rights of the citizens 4.1.2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.4 (Government to) safeguard the human and civil liberties of all citizens, including the freedom of movement, assembly, association, expression, and campaigning … 7.7(Government to) ensure that adequate security is provided to all parties participating in the elections |
22.12.04 |
OPPOSITION CRIES FOUL Zimbabwe’s main opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party has accused Robert Mugabe of rigging the 2005 elections even before a single vote has been cast. According to MDC spokesman Paul Themba Nyathi, ZANU PF has achieved this by reducing the number of voting constituencies in the MDC strongholds. He said that the decision of the Delimitation Commission (whose members were hand-picked by Mugabe) to cut down constituencies in areas supporting the opposition party, while adding three new ones in ruling ZANU PF strongholds, was a part of a strategy to reduce his party’s chances of winning the ballot scheduled to take place in March. The Delimitation Commission justified its proposals on the grounds of migration of voters. In his response, Nyathi said: “It beats all logic that Harare, a city whose population has increased by 500 000 people according to census figures that were released in 2004, is supposed to have lost 50 000 voters”. He added: “Where on earth under modern civilization do you see people migrating from an urban set-up environment to rural constituencies in such large proportions?” The MDC spokesman cited the decision to reduce constituencies in MDC areas as further evidence of the regime’s unwillingness to uphold SADC electoral guidelines. He called on regional leaders to pressure Mugabe and ZANU PF to abide by the regional standards for democratic polls. (See the report in Zim Online: December 21 and 22: www.zimonline.co.za) |
2.1.6 Equal opportunity to exercise the right to vote and be voted for 2.1.7 Independence of the Judiciary and impartiality of electoral institutions 4.1.4 Existence of updated and accessible voters’ roll 7.3 (Government to) establish impartial, all-inclusive, competent and accountable national electoral bodies staffed by qualified personnel, as well as competent legal entities including effective constitutional courts to arbitrate in the event of disputes arising from the conduct of elections. |
On
the basis of these and numerous other daily breaches of the SADC Protocol on
Democratic Elections, it can be seen that the Mugabe regime has yet to show any
serious intent to change its ways or to begin to prepare for anything resembling
fair and free elections. In fact, a new
raft of oppressive legislation rushed through Parliament recently will result in
a situation even worse than that which prevailed during the Parliamentary
Elections of 2000 and Presidential Election of 2002, both of which were heavily
criticized by observer missions from the international community.
And
the March Parliamentary Elections are now a matter of weeks away
…..
Ends
SOKWANELE
Enough
is Enough
We have a fundamental
right to freedom of expression!
On 17 August 2004, SADC leaders meeting in Mauritius adopted the SADC Protocol – Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections. Zimbabwe, as a member of SADC, also signed the Protocol and committed itself to implementing its standards.
“Mauritius Watch” provides a
regular, objective and non-partisan assessment of Zimbabwe’s compliance with the
Protocol. In the run-up to the 2005
Parliamentary Elections we note any significant failures to adhere to the SADC
standards.
Date |
Incidents/Developments
|
SADC standards breached |
06.01.05 |
TOP
MARKS FOR MUZZLING THE PRESS Zimbabwe
is rated among the three countries in the world with the worst media laws meant
to stifle press freedom, according to the World Association of Newspapers
(WAN). In
its press freedom report for 2004, the Paris-based WAN said the worst attempts
to create legal barriers for journalists were seen in the Islamic republic of
Iran, the former Soviet Union republic of Uzbekistan and crisis-torn
Zimbabwe. The
WAN report reads in part: “Serious limitations of freedom of expression in the
form of national security laws, terrorism acts and criminal defamation laws have
landed scores of journalists in prison and resigned many more to practising
self-censorship. “The
most audacious attempts to create legal barriers to stifle the press can be seen
in Uzbekistan, Iran and Zimbabwe.” In
the last few days Robert Mugabe has signed into law amendments to the Access to
Information and Protection of Privacy Act (AIPPA), which add further controls
and criminal sanctions to an already draconian piece of legislation. Journalists
can now be jailed for two years for practising without a licence, while media
companies can be closed and have assets seized for operating without being
registered. Hundreds
of journalists have been arrested in the past two years while three newspapers,
including the country’s only independent and biggest circulating daily
newspaper, the Daily News, were shut down for breaching the harsh Press
laws. (See
the report in Zim Online:
www.zimonline.co.za
) |
2.1.5 Equal opportunity for all political parties to access the state media 4.1.2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.4 (Government to) safeguard the human and civil liberties of all citizens including the freedom of movement, assembly, association, expression, and campaigning as well as access to the media on the part of all stakeholders, during the electoral process … |
09.01.05 |
STATE MEDIA
PROPAGATING HATRED
The Zimbabwe Broadcasting Holdings (ZBH), the country’s sole broadcaster, together with the dominant government controlled newspaper group, Zimpapers, continue to engage in a disinformation campaign in which they regularly propagate hatred and disaffection against government critics. Dumisani Gandhi, an advocacy officer with the Media Monitoring Project Zimbabwe (MMPZ) spoke recently at a human rights workshop in Gweru. Gandhi said that according to MMPZ findings, the prime targets of hate speech were the main opposition party, the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), civic groups, whites and individuals including journalists. He added that such language could be a recipe for civil strife in the highly polarized political environment of Zimbabwe. Gandhi cited recent examples of hate speech by Nathaniel Manheru, the Herald columnist, who described the MDC as a “many headed monster whose every limb carries its patenting scales and trait of treachery”. The same columnist described the outspoken Roman Catholic Archbishop Pius Ncube as “the man who wore a face filled with hate but not divine hate, but of a common villager struck with spiteful jealousy … and when raw hate darts out it is seasoned with a bit (of) raw, uncooked saliva…The best medicine is to ignore the idiot, to leave him to wallow in his un-catholic hate …” (See the report in The Standard: http://www.thestandard.co.zw/) |
2.1.3 Political tolerance 2.1.5 Equal opportunity for all political parties to access the state media 4.1.1 Constitutional and legal guarantees of freedom and rights of the citizens 4.1.2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.4. (Government to) safeguard the human and civil liberties of all citizens including the freedom of movement, assembly, association, expression and campaigning … during the electoral process … |
08.01.05 |
MILITIA
BROUGHT IN AHEAD OF ELECTION The
regime of Robert Mugabe plans to incorporate more than 20
000 of its controversial youth militias into the police force ahead of March’s
parliamentary election. The
recruitment of the youths, accused by churches and human rights groups of
committing violence and terrorizing opponents of the ruling ZANU PF party, will
double up police manpower which at present stands at about 21 000 officers. According to police sources the recruitment
is due to be completed by the end of February, just ahead of the
poll. “Initially
there were concerns of indiscipline among untrained reserves but the highest
authorities sanctioned the move (because) we are racing against time. It takes six months to train a regular
policeman and the election is just around the corner,” said a senior police
officer who did not want to be named. On
September 5 2003, Solidarity Peace Trust published a detailed report entitled
“Shaping youths in a truly Zimbabwean manner”.
In it they carefully chronicled some of the abuses perpetrated by the
youth militia on perceived opponents of ZANU PF and the abuses to which youths
in training, especially young girls, were subjected by the national youth
service training programme. The report
noted that the youths were subjected to political indoctrination and were
brutalized by violence. The
report states that “Conditions in the training camps are confirmed to be severe;
particularly in the first year of implementation, rampant sexual activity among
youth militia themselves was widely reported. Female youth militia have reported
rape on a systematic basis in some camps, involving girls as young as 11 years
of age. “Youth militia pregnancies, and sexually
transmitted infections including HIV, have been reported as resulting from youth
militia training experiences from a variety of sources in the last two
years. Camp instructors are commonly
implicated as among the rapists.” (See
the report 0n Zim Online; www.zimonline.co.za) (To
read the Solidarity Peace Trust Report log on to their website, www.solidaritypeacetrust.org.za) |
2.1.3 Political tolerance 4.1.1. Constitutional and legal guarantees of freedom and rights of the citizens 4.1.2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.5 (Government to) take all necessary measures and precautions to prevent the perpetration of fraud, rigging or any other illegal practices throughout the whole electoral process, in order to maintain peace and security 7.7 (Government to) ensure that adequate security is provided to all parties participating in the elections |
03.01.05 |
ZANU PF BUYS INFLUENCE WITH CHIEFS In a bid to secure their compliance with the ruling party, the ZANU PF regime of Robert Mugabe has purchased brand new Mazda B 1800 trucks for Zimbabwe’s traditional leaders, the chiefs. Now the regime plans to give them wide ranging legal powers, a move seen as giving them more power to punish those who support the opposition. In October last year Local Government minister Ignatius Chombo announced the upgrading of chiefs’ status, giving them powers to preside over cases with a monetary value up to Z$ 100 million. (Roughly equivalent to USD 17,400 or Rand 105,000 – a huge sum in impoverished rural Zimbabwe) In reporting on these moves SW Radio Africa, an independent news service which broadcasts from London, commented: “With elections just around the corner the ruling party is going all out to make them (the chiefs) not only comfortable but powerful.” Their report cited the example of Chief Tedious Matambanashe from the Uzumba-Maramba-Pfungwe district of Mashonaland East, who banished a family of eight because of reports they were opposition supporters. The same incident was reported in the Zimbabwe Independent (January 7). And there have been numerous other recent examples of ZANU PF using the traditional leaders to intimidate the rural population so that they are too afraid to support the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party. Previous elections have been punctuated with promises of telephone lines, cell phones and a secretary each for the chiefs, while tarred roads were laid down to their homesteads. (Reported on SW Radio Africa - http://www.swradioafrica.com/) (See also the report in the Zimbabwe Independent; www.theindependent.co.zw)
|
4.1.2
Conducive environment for
free, fair and peaceful elections 7.4 (Government to) safeguard the human and
civil liberties of all citizens including the freedom of
movement, assembly, association, expression and campaigning
… 7.5 (Government
to) take all necessary measures and precautions to prevent the
perpetration of fraud, rigging or any other illegal practices throughout the
whole electoral process … |
09.01.05 |
RURAL TEACHERS FEAR VIOLENCE IN POLLScores of teachers last week converged on the offices of the Ministry of Education, Sport and Culture in Mutare, seeking transfers from rural schools to urban and peri-urban stations. Nearly 100 teachers were seeking urgent transfers, citing transport costs and the fear of potential violence in the forthcoming election as their reason for doing so. In the 2000 parliamentary election and the 2002 presidential elections teachers were targeted for violence mainly by ruling party activists, including so-called war veterans. They were accused of supporting or being sympathetic to the popular opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party. Some of them were harassed, beaten up and forced to flee their rural schools. Shortly before the presidential election in 2002, 30 schools around the country were closed by ZANU PF supporters. Stan Mudenge, the Foreign Minister, told a teachers’ meeting: “You can even be killed for supporting the opposition.” (Reported in The Standard: http://www.thestandard.co.zw/) |
2.1.2 Freedom of association 2.1.3 Political tolerance 4.1.1 Constitutional and legal guarantees of freedom and rights of the citizens 4.1.2 Conducive environment for free, fair and peaceful elections 7.7(Government to) ensure that adequate security is provided to all parties participating in the elections |
03.01.05 |
REPORT ON POLITICAL VIOLENCE The main opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party has produced through its Information and Publicity Department, a detailed report on the human rights abuses suffered by its supporters and officials at the hands of ZANU PF supporters, youth militia, state agents and war veterans. In the report, which covers the year 2004, the incidents are set out in chronological order. Some of these incidents will be cited in the next issue of Mauritius Watch. (The MDC Report can be viewed on www.mdczimbabwe.org) |
|
Note: The fraudulent and violence-ridden elections of
2000 and 2002 were narrowly “won” by Robert Mugabe, who has maintained his iron
grip on the country by using strategies designed to annihilate all forms of
opposition.
Although a date has not been given yet for the Parliamentary Elections which Mugabe has indicated will take place some time in March, already it can be seen that there is no prospect that those elections will be fair and free. During the eleven weeks that Sokwanele has been systematically tracking and recording developments, it has become increasingly apparent that the regime is moving further away from the SADC Protocol on Democratic Elections, rather than towards compliance. The regime is going to some lengths within the region to portray itself as moving to meet those criteria, but the reality is totally different. Behind the façade of democracy, every institution or legal principle which would favour a free and fair election, has been systematically destroyed to ensure that the poll will produce a pre-determined result favouring the ruling party.
Ends