Sep 30, 9:42 AM EDT
BY
ANGUS SHAW
HARARE, Zimbabwe (AP) -- A Zimbabwean independent
monitoring group says it
will be impossible to hold free and fair elections
in March when President
Robert Mugabe wants the polls.
The Zimbabwe
Election Support Network said Sunday the call by Mugabe for
full elections
in the last week of March doesn't allow enough time to
establish conditions
for a free vote.
The group said it is "adamant that logistically it is
impossible" to meet
Mugabe's timetable and complete constitutional and
electoral reforms
demanded by regional leaders.
It cited disputes in
finalizing a new constitution, continuing political
intimidation and gross
inaccuracies in voters' lists that still name "ghost"
electors who have long
been dead.
Rushed voting couldn't be held on "a fair playing field" and
the outcome
would be unacceptable by democratic standards, the group
said.
Mugabe has also called for a referendum on the 150-page draft
constitution
in November, but a parliamentary panel in charge of compiling
the draft says
it must be put to a stakeholders' conference first. That
conference of
political parties and civic and interest groups has already
been postponed
to late October.
The election monitoring group said in
a statement Sunday the electoral
commission responsible for running any poll
has not yet received adequate
funding, the draft constitution has not been
widely publicized and laws
governing the referendum itself are out of date
and need revision.
Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai, the former
opposition leader in a fragile
power-sharing coalition with Mugabe that was
formed by regional mediators
after the last violent and disputed polls in
2008, has called on his
supporters to back the reformed constitution with a
`Yes' vote in the
referendum.
The regional leaders, led by the chief
mediator on Zimbabwe, South African
President Jacob Zuma, have proposed June
as a more realistic time for fresh
elections to end the
coalition.
The poll monitoring group said an audit it carried out of
voters'
registration lists last year showed 27 percent of entries were dead
voters
and 47 percent of some 5 million voters no longer lived at the
residential
addresses given, opening the way for abuse and
rigging.
It said sweeping security laws and media curbs favoring Mugabe
have not been
repealed, "hate speech" against opponents of Mugabe, 88,
carried by his
loyalist state media has persisted and Tsvangirai's party has
been denied
fair access to the state broadcaster, the sole source of
information for
most rural Zimbabweans.
Tsvangirai, 60, has been
mauled in Mugabe's media over reports he had
several love affairs after his
wife of 30 years died in a car crash in 2009.
The state Sunday Mail
newspaper reported that Tsvangirai made what it called
"a stunning
climbdown" at the 13th anniversary of the foundation of his
party on
Saturday when he apologized to "a coterie of women he
inconvenienced by his
escapades."
"I would like to apologize to anyone who was hurt because it
was not my
intention, it was a genuine search for a new wife," the paper
quoted
Tsvangirai saying at anniversary celebrations in the second city of
Bulawayo.
http://www.voanews.com
Sebastian
Mhofu
September 29, 2012
HARARE — Zimbabwean Prime Minister Morgan
Tsvangirai Saturday said his party
will not allow President Robert Mugabe to
rig another election. The
Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party leader
made the comment a few
days after President Mugabe announced that Zimbabwe
would hold elections to
end the country’s coalition government next March.
made his remarks as
recent surveys show his party losing
ground.
Addressing members of his MDC party supporters in Bulawayo,
Zimbabwe’s
second-largest city, Prime Minister Tsvangirai said he would win
next year’s
elections set for March. He dismissed recent surveys suggesting
that
support for his party is waning. “The MDC has never lost support. We
must
be strategic. ZANU-PF cannot steal another election and get away with
it,"
he said.
ZANU-PF is the party of President Robert Mugabe, with
whom Tsvangirai formed
a coalition government in 2009 after the disputed
2008 election.
The unity government has stabilized Zimbabwe’s economy but
both men have
disagreed on a number of issues. Last week, the justice
minister said a
general election would be held next year. Tsvangirai says
he will help move
the economy forward.
“If you vote for us, our
vision is to create a Zimbabwe that is able to
respect people of Zimbabwe
and make them prosperous. No longer are we going
to have a culture of
one-man rule who happens to be Robert Mugabe. We do
not want to replace
ZANU-PF with Tsvangirai. We want to replace Mugabe with
a democratic MDC.
Another pillar (if MDC wins election) is: we cannot talk
of an economy which
does not create jobs. Our economy must be once again a
vibrant economy," he
said.
MDC party spokesman Douglas Mwonzora said the election dates
proposed by
President Mugabe are not feasible. He also said his party would
prove wrong
surveys predicting that the MDC will lose. “Regarding surveys,
yes, we take
note of some of the things that were said in the survey. But
what we know
is that the people of Zimbabwe support the MDC. Today we have
seen
thousands and thousands of people that have come to White City
Stadium... to
listen to President Tsvangirai," he said.
Tsvangirai
addressed his supporters for close to an hour in Bulawayo.
http://www.nation.co.ke
By AFP
Posted Sunday, September
30 2012 at 00:44
Zimbabwe's Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai on
Saturday urged support for a
draft charter to pave the way for new elections
to succeed the country's
shaky coalition government.
"There are key
progressive steps being proposed in that constitution,"
Tsvangirai said at a
rally with about 20,000 supporters to mark the 13th
anniversary of his
Movement For Democratic Change (MDC) party.
The draft charter -- created
by a committee of lawmakers from the two main
parties -- curtails the
president's powers and reduces his tenure and
provides for a human rights
commission and independent prosecutor.
Tsvangirai said veteran President
Robert Mugabe, whose party has vowed to
reject the draft if it ignores
changes they propose, had indicated in
private talks that the draft charter
was better than the current
constitution.
"If Mugabe supports it, who
are you to reject it," Tsvangirai challenged
those who have vowed to oppose
the draft charter.
Tsvangirai formed a coalition government with Mugabe
in 2009 to avoid a
plunge into conflict in the aftermath of a bloody
presidential run-off
election in 2008.
"A coalition cannot determine
the country's destiny," the prime minister
said. "All the parties do is pull
in opposite direction. (Mugabe's) ZANU-PF
does not want it anymore. We don't
want it. It's a marriage of convenience."
He urged unity in his party to
ensure victory at new elections to succeed
the compromise government whose
tenure has been characterised by haggling
over positions and
counter-accusations of violence.
"Next year we will be celebrating 14
years in different circumstances with
an MDC government,"he said
http://www.dailynews.co.zw
Sunday, 30 September 2012 13:45
Prime
Minister Morgan Tsvangirai
HARARE - PrimeMinister Morgan Tsvangirai says
Zimbabwe’s “struggle for
change has reached a point of no return”, although
military generals remain
a threat.
He told a bumper crowd estimated
at more than 20 000 in Bulawayo yesterday
that President Robert Mugabe and
his Zanu PF party would fall in a few
months.
Smarting from damaging
personal love scandals and reports of his MDC party
being rocked by internal
fighting, corruption and declining support,
Tsvangirai appeared buoyant at
the MDC’s 13th anniversary celebrations
yesterday.
“Despite these
setbacks, I must say I am proud of what we have achieved so
far. I stated
upon entering into this transition that the MDC was far from
retreating and
abandoning the struggle; instead we were advancing in another
direction,”
Tsvangirai said.
“We are a few months from our destination, despite our
daily humiliation and
public vilification. Our struggle has reached a point
of no return,” he
said.
The former trade unionist however, admitted
that threats from a heavily
politicised security sector — the real power
behind Mugabe — remained real.
“Our officials, including Cabinet
ministers and senior party leaders, were
routinely victimised by a
hopelessly partisan cabal inside the security
sector. To complicate an
already muddied situation, pockets of lawlessness
still roam the
countryside,” he said.
Tsvangirai reminded supporters how the MDC forced
Mugabe to enter
negotiations despite the former guerilla leader previously
stating he would
never negotiate with “puppets”.
The MDC in a roadmap
adopted in 2006 stated that forcing Mugabe into a
transitional government
would be the final step in ousting the 88-year-old
career
politician.
Tsvangirai said the roadmap was on course.
“As a
reminder and in particular, our 2006 contract with the people,
demanded a
clear roadmap to political legitimacy and to a new Zimbabwe.
“Through
that covenant, we publicly pronounced our plan to push Zanu PF and
Robert
Mugabe to talk to us; and to form a transitional arrangement in order
to
soft-land the national crisis,” said Tsvangirai, promising a government
that
would treat economic development, good governance infrastructural
development and food security as top priorities.
“Unlike our
detractors and opponents, the MDC pledges never to burn down
Zimbabwe, for
political survival, with millions of its citizens still
trapped inside,” he
said.
Tsvangirai said the MDC’s vision was constrained by discord in the
coalition
government.
“The transformation we want will not come
through a coalition government
because a coalition by its nature can never
define a path for national
prosperity,” he said.
Tsvangirai promised
to reverse the industrial decay facing Bulawayo, which
he blamed on years of
a deliberate policy to marginalise and disenfranchise
people of Matabeleland
by the previous Zanu PF government.
His MDC party has controlled the
Bulawayo council for a decade though. -
Staff Writers
http://www.thezimbabwean.co.uk
Scores of MDC-T supporters who were
travelling to the party’s 13th
anniversary in Bulawayo were injured when
their mini-buses were stoned by a
group of suspected Zanu (PF) supporters
who ambushed them in Shangani.
30.09.12
01:47pm
by Zwanai
Sithole
Harare
Three of the supporters were seriously injured and
rushed to Mpilo Hospital
in Bulawayo.
Some of the kombis damaged in
the attack belong to Timothy Mukahlela, a
Midlands representative on the
party’s National Executive Council.
“We had just passed Shangani business
centre when people started throwing
stones and other objects at our kombi
.The attackers blocked the road with
boulders and laid an ambush in a nearby
bush,” said an MDC supporter, Milton
Nyoni, who was travelling in one of the
buses.
The Zanu (PF) youths believed to be taking orders from the local
Zanu
In recent months, Langa’s constituency has seen an upsurge in
political
violence.
Last month, the homestead of Pretty Phiri, the
MDC Ward 22 Chairperson was
burnt to ashes by Zanu (PF) supporters led by
Edith Gumbo.
When contacted for a comment, MDC –T spokesperson Douglas
Mwonzora was
locked in a meeting but an aid who answered his mobile phone
confirmed the
Shangani attack.
“It is true that MDC supporters were
attacked by Zanu (PF),”said the aid.
Thousands of people attended the
MDC-T celebrations at which party
President, Morgan Tsvangirai urged his
supporters to remain resolute in
their fight for democracy and acknowledged
that they had experienced a
mixture of success and failures since the
formation of the party in late
1999.
http://www.dailynews.co.zw
By Fungai Kwaramba, Staff Writer
Sunday,
30 September 2012 14:09
HARARE - Brutal force employed by security forces to
nab the rag-tag Zanu
PF-sponsored militia at bus termini in the capital has
seen an uneasy calm
returning in most parts of Harare where police officers
and soldiers are now
the new “rank marshals”.
But is the tranquillity
going to last at a time when the city fathers are
failing to step in and
take control of their properties?
Uniformed forces that helped bring
order have taken charge of some of the
termini and residents’ groups say the
termini have become a feeding trough
for the men and women in
uniform.
Under the Urban Councils’ Act (Chapter 29:15) and the Regional,
Town and
Country Planning Act (Chapter 29:12) Harare is supposed to plan and
regulate
traffic, markets and housing but has failed in its duty to monitor
and
implement its own regulations and systems dealing with not only kombis
but
also vendors.
Emmanuel Chiroto, Harare deputy mayor said the
council which has in the past
been at the mercy of Zanu PF shock-troopers,
is going to swiftly fill the
void before Mandimbandimba return.
“We
do not want any further delays. So we have asked management to ensure
that
we take over the ranks before the touts begin. These people were making
a
lot of money that has to be stopped. We will thus continue working with
the
police so as to ensure that touts do not come back,” said
Chiroto.
Chiroto said he had no problem with continued police presence at
termini as
long as they do not charge a fee.
But the country’s cops
mistrusted by the public because of corruption and
their heavy-handed
methods are said to be receiving cash from desperate and
scared
transporters.
Precious Shumba, chairperson of Harare Residents Trust
(HRT), said
government, through the ministry of Home Affairs should give
municipal
police arresting powers to enable them to deal with daring touts
who have
hitherto defied them.
“The Anti Corruption Commission should
deploy its officials to all the ranks
and see what police officers are
doing, demanding $5 from each commuter
omnibus in bribes,” alleges
Shumba.
To last or not to, the hiatus brought by a military intervention
following
the beating of a soldier by some rowdy touts popularly known as
mandimbandimba is a welcome delusion for residents blighted by the noise
pollution vented by hustlers who reap from kombis and also
citizens.
Investigations by the Daily News on Sunday revealed that touts
make at least
$30 000-a-day and also determine bus fares.
Around 5pm
at Charge Office during the peak hour, the cacophony of touts
blaring
destinations that ironically are known by their target market are
gone.
In their place are unpredictable police officers who have
reduced the
usually boisterous kombi crews to mutes.
“We are happy
that we are no longer paying unnecessary money to the touts
and we hope that
the police will maintain their presence and ensure that
order is observed at
ranks,” said one kombi driver.
But still there is no love lost between
police and kombi drivers not only on
bus termini where they are accused of
coaxing bribes and also beating up
misfits but also on roads where they are
still creaming kombis dry.
http://nehandaradio.com/
on September 30, 2012 at 4:08
pm
19 2 0 21
By Tendai Ruombwa
MUTARE — People claiming to
be veterans of Zimbabwe’s war of liberation took
advantage of the land
reform programme launched by the government in 2000 to
settle around the
Vumba Mountains for farming purposes.
They are also indiscriminately
cutting down trees, cultivating on river beds
and illegally killing game for
the pot. The settlers camped in the mountains
in 2004 and have resisted all
efforts to evict them. One of the farmers
Zvenyika Chigodora vowed to stay
put saying only President Mugabe can move
them.
“As you can see we
are preparing more land for the next season. We fought
the liberation
struggle so we could farm on these fertile lands. The
President gave us a
chance to be land owners during the land reform program.
He accused the
Environmental Management Authority (EMA) which has been
trying to evict them
of being imperialists working with the West to reverse
the gains of the
liberation struggle. “Mugabe is the only person who will
tell us what to
do”, he said whilst clearing land for cultivation.
Hectares of land have
been cleared for farming and the settlers have erected
small huts. The
settlers are farming on riverbeds causing siltation and
gullies in the low
lying areas. When this reporter visited the area the
settlers were at ease
contrary to reports from the EMA that they are
preparing to vacate the area
at the end of June.
Villagers in the area say the illegal farmers are
being protected by Zanu PF
and have been used to terrorise other villagers
in an effort to retain the
Mutare South constituency during general
elections expected late this year
or early next year.
Onismo
Maengahama who operates an indigenous tree sanctuary said the
destruction of
natural environment had been worsened by people who invaded
the area that
was not suitable for habitation but are left alone for
political
gains.
Headman Amos Nyamakari whose area was invaded by the more than 30
families
said all farming infrastructure like irrigation pipes in the area
are being
destroyed and if the invaders are not moved the area could soon be
turned
into a desert.
“Before these people came the forests were
dense and we harnessed irrigation
water for our horticultural produce from
the Nyamakari and Nyamataka rivers.
Now they are cutting down trees, farming
on mountain slopes and along
riverbeds, this is causing land degradation and
is also worsening siltation
of the rivers whose water is the source of
livelihood for the whole
village.”
He added that rivers now run dry
before the rainy season and this is
affecting irrigation farming by
horticulturalists that have relied upon the
rivers for many
years.
Kingston Chitotombe the Manicaland Provincial Environmental
Officer with the
EMA concurred with Headman Nyamakari. He said attempts to
move the farmers
over the past three years have failed. He however said his
organisation is
not giving up and will take action.
“The settlers
have caused untold harm to the environment. We gave them a
deadline to
vacate the area but they pleaded with us to let them harvest
their crops. If
they do not move after that we shall move them forcibly. We
are working with
the Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Tourism and the
police”
Asked why it has taken close to eight years to relocate the
farmers
Chitotombe said the issue was delicate and hence there was need to
address
it in an amicable manner, “We have held a number of meetings with
the
farmers concerned and other stakeholders but the problem is where to
move
them and who will build new homes for them. As EMA we have no capacity
to
build them houses.”
An official from the Manicaland Provincial
Administration office who spoke
on condition of anonymity for fear of
victimisation said though some
officials from Zanu PF like Fred Kanzama the
local Member of Parliament are
advocating for the removal of the farmers
they are conniving with them to
stay put as moving them will cost his party
support.
Vumba in Mutare South is one of the six constituencies won by
Zanu PF in
Manicaland in the last general elections. Fred Kanzama narrowly
won the
seat. He distanced himself from the illegal farmers
saying;
“I am not aware of any illegal farming taking place I have only
heard it
through the grape-vine, my hands are clean and the law should take
its
course. As ZANU PF we are a law abiding party and no one should be
allowed
to drag the party into disrepute for their selfish
gain”
However Mutare Rural district information officer Josphat Manzini
said the
illegal settlers were landless people and proper steps should be
taken to
resettle them.
“We are aware of the damage they are causing
to the environment but we
cannot treat them as animals. We are making the
necessary arrangements to
relocate them and we are still working on the
modalities. It will be naive
to say they are political activists because the
land reform program is a
government initiative and not a Zanu PF program-
any Zimbabwean who wants a
piece of land benefit.”
http://nehandaradio.com
on September 30, 2012 at 3:11 pm
69
1 0 70
By Phillip Thomson
Sitting in a lecture theatre at
Australian National University, it would be
strange to think one of the
students studying international relations is a
woman close to the centre of
a country’s historic transformation.
Zimbabwe’s Ambassador to
Australia, Jacqueline Zwambila at the Zimbabwe
Embassy in O’Malley. Photo:
Jeffrey Chan
Jacqueline Zwambila, Zimbabwe’s top envoy to Australia, not only
holds the
title of ambassador but also of pupil. She says, ”My fellow
students do not
know who I am.”
The grandmother, former public
relations entrepreneur and political activist
is two years into her first
diplomatic posting – and is expected to return
to her part-time evening
classes in 2013 after an enforced gap year prompted
by a heavy bout of
diplomatic work.
Australia is a challenging post for a first-time head of
mission. It is more
important to Zimbabwe than ever. From 2005-06 to
2007-08, Zimbabwe received
$5.6 million of Australian aid, according to
AusAID. Since the start of 2009
it has received $177
million.
”Zimbabwe was a dirty word when I came here [in 2010],” Zwambila
says.
Australia now sends more aid to Zimbabwe than any other African
nation.
Zwambila sits in her office inside her country’s embassy in
O’Malley, a
modest building not far from the Iraqi embassy or the diplomatic
base from
which the Syrians were recently kicked out by the Australian
government.
Looking down on us is a portrait of President Robert Mugabe.
It is
interesting because it was Zwambila’s opposition to Mugabe that
essentially
brought her to Canberra.
As part of the Movement for
Democratic Change, she supported Morgan
Tsvangirai. Tsvangirai is now the
Prime Minister in a unity government
formed in 2009 after Mugabe led a
political campaign laced with vote-rigging
and violence in 2008, actions
which prompted international indignation.
Today there is a three-part
coalition made up of Mugabe’s party, Tsvangirai’s
party and Deputy Prime
Minister Arthur Mutambara’s own Movement for
Democratic Change
faction.
Zimbabwe is a country made up of tenuous political agreements.
There are two
Vice-Presidents, both from Mugabe’s African National Union
Patriotic Front
party. There are two Deputy Prime Ministers, one from each
of the Movement
for Democratic Change groups.
As these power deals
were struck it was Zwambila, a Tsvangirai supporter,
who was chosen for the
Australian posting.
When an allegation surfaced that in late 2010
Zwambila had stripped naked in
her Canberra office while admonishing members
of her staff, it was reported
that Mugabe supporters had perpetrated the
smear. Zwambila fought back
publicly by suing for defamation.
She
says she has reached an out-of-court settlement with Nationwide News,
which
reproduced the original story from a Zimbabwean publication, and she
is
still pursuing one journalist who wrote the story in an African paper. If
someone is looking to needle Zwambila, it won’t be easy.
Her father
was an entrepreneur who started as a bookkeeper and ended up
building
supermarkets and cocktail bars. It was a time when the highest an
African
could rise in society was to sell groceries, or become a teacher.
Growing
up, Zwambila attended an elite multinational school, a school with
white
kids. A place where Africans such as her were excluded from sports
such as
netball.
It was a lonely time. There was no protection from racist
teachers while at
the same time she did not have the option of running away.
Zwambila had to
stay to receive an education her parents were working hard
to pay for.
”I’ve had to fight the whole system,” she says. ”I’m a
fighter.”
That same aggressive spirit to survive and achieve can be seen,
she says, in
mothers who run households in Zimbabwe. Homes which somehow
save the money
to send children to expensive university courses in
Australia. The
ambassador doesn’t believe being a diplomat is any more of a
challenge
because she is female. Once you have the position, she explains,
it is up to
you how you use it. And besides, she has encountered a lifetime
of
challenges to get here.
Zimbabwe at the moment is drafting a
constitution, which could be voted on
in a referendum as early as the end of
this year, and the country also faces
another election process next year,
which may be held as early as March. It
will be an attempt by the country to
move beyond the tenuous power-sharing
deal under way at the
moment.
Australia assists Zimbabwe with institutional strengthening, such
as helping
the revenue office collect taxes. While Australians rank number
two on the
list of tourists visiting Zimbabwe, Zwambila wants to see more
Australian
investors move on from their ”wait and see attitude” toward her
country.
”We have the second-largest platinum and diamond deposits in the
world,” she
says.
In early 2011, however, it was reported that Rio
Tinto agreed to give up a
51 per cent stake of its diamond mining operation,
a situation enforced by
so-called indigenisation laws to bring ownership
into local hands. The law
is controversial, even within the government, and
has delayed expansion by
Rio Tinto, but she insists that Zimbabwe wants to
engage with the world.
If Zwambila could take some sort of distinctly
Canberra influence back to
policy-makers in her home country, it would be
the capital’s use of open
spaces.
”The peace and quiet of Canberra is
actually quite beautiful,” she says.
”We tend to cut down the trees and
build high-rises.” CanberraTimes
http://www.dailynews.co.zw/
Sunday, 30 September 2012 13:22
HARARE - Prime
Minister Morgan Tsvangirai’s MDC will unveil a new party
symbol at its 13th
anniversary that opens today at White City Stadium in
Bulawayo.
The
party is moving to clear confusion among voters and controversy over the
open palm symbol which it shares with the smaller MDC led by Welshman
Ncube.
“We want to distinguish ourselves from others that want to copy
our symbol
for electoral expediency,” Mwonzora told journalists on the
side-lines of a
debate on the draft constitution organised by Bulawayo
Agenda.
“Although we will continue to use the open palm, the only
difference is that
we will use a symbol of a small child to represent the
future, love,
likeability and innocence.”
Thousands of supporters are
expected to throng White City Stadium for the
13th anniversary whose
significance rests on being the last one before the
much anticipated general
elections.
An upbeat Mwonzora said his party was prepared to go for the
plebiscite
provided free and fair polls are guaranteed.
“Mugabe can
have his polls any time he likes provided they are free and
fair,” Mwonzora
said.
On Monday, the party’s Bulawayo provincial chairperson Gorden Moyo
told
journalists at the Bulawayo Press Club that the celebration will be the
biggest that the party has ever hosted.
“It will be a big show, of
Olympian standard, vibrant, a tsunami indeed. It
will also be the last one
before we get into power,” Moyo said.
“Zanu PF has been stealing
elections, but this time around the people of
Zimbabwe will punish them.
Zanu PF is behaving like Herod who wanted to kill
Jesus in Biblical times,
but after 13 years MDC has survived years of Zanu
PF ‘dominance’,” Moyo
said.
Today’s event will reflect on past human right violations such as
Gukurahundi, Operation Murambatsvina and the deadly 2008 election
violence.
MDC officials also say they will pay tribute to all those who
died and were
injured in the fight for democracy, discuss unemployment and
bread and
butter issues. - Own Correspondent
The Vigil is not
allied to any political party although most of our supporters are MDC members.
Indeed, we have happily worked with the MDC in the UK, most recently during last
week’s demonstrations of encouragement outside the Tanzania and Botswana High
Commissions in London.
After reading our
last diary, a leading MDC figure in the UK, while thanking us for our help over
the demonstrations, complained that we were again criticizing the MDC. Here is
our reply:
‘We would like to
assure you that we are not against the MDC. But we feel an obligation to be
critical when the leadership is failing the party’s members. To do otherwise
would be following the example of Zanu PF.
If you were thinking
of our criticism in the diary of Tsvangirai’s romances, we would point out that
many people have expressed disappointment at his judgment – not least because of
the Zanu PF connections of some of the ladies in question.
If you were thinking
of our comments about the Youth Assembly’s infantile toadying up to Tsvangirai
(see: http://www.mdc-youthassembly.blogspot.co.uk/2012/09/congratulations-dad-welcome-mummy.html),
we feel strongly that this reflects a type of ‘big man’ politics which surely
has no place in a modern democracy.
We readily
acknowledge that we have criticized the party’s leadership over a range of
issues: principally for their failure to see that the four-year-old GPA has been
implemented and the alacrity with which some have jumped on the gravy train
(see: https://www.zimbabwesituation.com/old/sep29a_2012.html#Z6
– Politics a stepping stone to gravy train).
The Vigil believes
that our leaders must be held to account and if they are found wanting they must
be replaced. This is a common experience in the UK: we think most recently of
Tony Blair and before that of Margaret Thatcher – both very successful
politicians who were dumped by their parties.
Despite all this, the
Vigil applauds the many MDC members working bravely and unselfishly for change.
Without the support of these members the party would not exist. They and you
have every right, if not a duty, to criticize the leadership when it
fails.
Yours in solidarity –
Vigil Co-ordinators’
Despite our comments
about the Youth Assembly, the Vigil would like to express our admiration for its
imprisoned Chair, Solomon Madzore, who writes: ‘The Zanu PF machinery can only
imprison our bodies and never our spirits. We are free inside ourselves. They
are the ones shackled in a perpetual prison of fear, guilt and shame. Sizafika
Nomakhanjani!!!’ (see: https://www.zimbabwesituation.com/old/sep28_2012.html#Z15
– Solomon Madzore Message from Chikurubi Prison).
The Vigil wishes it
could share brave Solomon’s confidence that Tsvangirai will lead Zimbabwe to a
better future.
Other
points
·
Vigil supporters were
entertained by the analysis of Mugabe’s UN speech by UK-based lawyer Alex
Magaisa (see: https://www.zimbabwesituation.com/old/sep29_2012.html#Z20
– Mugabe’s alternative UN General Assembly speech).
·
Today saw the
relaunch of ROHR’s Cambridge branch. ROHR has been steadily recapturing ground
lost when subversive elements claimed ownership of the
organization.
·
We were happy to be
joined by Patson Muzuwa from Leicester. Patson was a vibrant founder member of
the Vigil after he fled Zimbabwe following torture for his support of the MDC.
It was wonderful to hear his distinctive voice singing again after his health
problems.
·
Patson brought with
him a traumatised young woman who had just arrived in the UK after being raped
by members of a Zimbabwean youth militia.
·
This the last week
you can see ‘The Rain that Washes’, which has had excellent reviews. See ‘Events
and Notices’ for details.
For latest Vigil pictures check: http://www.flickr.com/photos/zimbabwevigil/.
Please note: Vigil photos can only be downloaded from our Flickr website – they
cannot be downloaded from the slideshow on the front page of the Zimvigil
website.
FOR THE
RECORD: 48 signed the
register.
EVENTS AND NOTICES:
· The Rain that Washes
showing
at the Lounge, Leicester Square Theatre, until Saturday 6th October
at 7 pm. Check: http://leicestersquaretheatre.ticketsolve.com/shows/126523428/events
or phone the booking line: 08448733433 for
specific dates and to book tickets, ‘Instantly plunged into a young man’s
compelling story of growing up in turbulent Zimbabwe, we live and breathe his
extraordinary journey from innocence to escape, finally returning to his
homeland to witness the greatest betrayal of all . . . Inspired by a series of
interviews between Zimbabwean Christopher Maphosa and writer Dave Carey, The
Rain That Washes is a true story that is poignant, political and most of all,
personal’.
·
10th
Anniversary of the Zimbabwe Vigil / Zimbabwe Action Forum
(ZAF). Saturday
13th October from 6.30 – 9.30 pm. Venue: Strand Continental Hotel
(first floor lounge), 143 Strand, London WC2R 1JA. Directions: The Strand is the
same road as the Vigil. From the Vigil it’s about a 10 minute walk, in the
direction away from Trafalgar Square. The Strand Continental is situated on the
south side of the Strand between Somerset House and the turn off onto Waterloo
Bridge. The entrance is marked by a big sign high above and a sign for its
famous Indian restaurant at street level. It's next to a newsagent. Nearest
underground: Temple (District and Circle lines) and Holborn. Future special
ZAF meeting: Saturday 10th November when our special guest will
be Ben Freeth. This meeting will take the place of the regular ZAF meeting in
November at 6.30 pm at Strand Continental Hotel (first floor lounge), 143
Strand, London WC2R 1JA. For directions see above.
·
Zimbabwe Vigil
Highlights 2011 can be viewed on this
link: http://www.zimvigil.co.uk/the-vigil-diary/363-vigil-highlights-2011.
Links to previous years’ highlights are listed on 2011 Highlights
page.
·
The Restoration of
Human Rights in Zimbabwe (ROHR) is the Vigil’s
partner organisation based in Zimbabwe. ROHR grew out of the need for the Vigil
to have an organisation on the ground in Zimbabwe which reflected the Vigil’s
mission statement in a practical way. ROHR in the UK actively fundraises through
membership subscriptions, events, sales etc to support the activities of ROHR in
Zimbabwe. Please note that the official website of ROHR Zimbabwe is http://www.rohrzimbabwe.org/. Any other
website claiming to be the official website of ROHR in no way represents the
views and opinions of ROHR.
·
ZBN
News. The Vigil
management team wishes to make it clear that the Zimbabwe Vigil is not
responsible for Zimbabwe Broadcasting Network News (ZBN News). We are happy that
they attend our activities and provide television coverage but we have no
control over them. All enquiries about ZBN News should be addressed to ZBN News.
·
The Zim Vigil
band
(Farai Marema and Dumi Tutani) has launched its theme song ‘Vigil Yedu (our
Vigil)’ to raise awareness through music. To download this single, visit: www.imusicafrica.com and to watch the video
check: http://ourvigil.notlong.com. To watch other
Zim Vigil band protest songs, check: http://Shungurudza.notlong.com and http://blooddiamonds.notlong.com.
·
Vigil Facebook
page: http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=8157345519&ref=ts.
·
Vigil Myspace
page: http://www.myspace.com/zimbabwevigil.
·
To sponsor the Mike
Campbell Foundation expedition ‘Sailing across the Makgadikgadi Pans’ which will
raise money for the work of the Foundation, go to www.justgiving.com/Mike-Campbell-Foundation.
·
Useful websites:
www.zanupfcrime.com which reports on Zanu
PF abuses and www.ipaidabribe.org.zw where people can
report corruption in Zimbabwe.
Vigil
co-ordinators
The Vigil, outside
the Zimbabwe Embassy, 429 Strand, London, takes place every Saturday from 14.00
to 18.00 to protest against gross violations of human rights in Zimbabwe. The
Vigil which started in October 2002 will continue until
internationally-monitored, free and fair elections are held in Zimbabwe. http://www.zimvigil.co.uk.
http://nehandaradio.com/
on September 30, 2012 at 2:39 pm
21 2 0
27
By Senator Obert Gutu
I am exactly two years and three
months old as a deputy minister in this
government.
My experience as
a minister in this apparently unique type of government
will be fully
disclosed when I write my memoirs. Suffice to state that it
has been a
roller coaster experience of frustration, provocation, anxiety
and the
occasional spasm of sheer ecstasy and enjoyment of one’s job as a
poorly
paid public servant.
The way the inclusive government operates has taught
me one fundamental
lesson. And this is to know and appreciate that one
should never be too
trusting and take everyone you interact with as an
honest, patriotic and
well-meaning government operative.
For, quite
unfortunately, this government has, amongst its ranks, sharks and
looters
who do not care one iota whether or not the ordinary citizen can
afford at
least one square meal a day.
Amongst us, we have plunderers and greedy
and thoroughly corrupt bureaucrats
who have absolutely no shame as they
selfishly continue to bleed this
otherwise beautiful country, dry. These are
women and men with no shame.
Their fat overseas bank accounts and some
other such ill-gotten wealth will
make the likes of Mo Ibrahim, Strive
Masiyiwa, Bill Gates and Warren Buffet
green with envy. No wonder Zimbabwe’s
economy is tottering on the verge of
virtual collapse. The reason is quite
simple. It’s not sanctions. Stupid.
Sanctions? What
sanctions?
Thirty two years of unprecedented ZanuPF misgovernance,
corruption and
looting has contributed to the state of penury that Zimbabwe
now finds
herself in. A jewel of Africa at independence in April 1980, years
of ZanuPF
misrule have made sure that Zimbabwe is now a complete and
shameless basket
case. ” Mauya mauya comrade…..zvamauya tongai
Zimbabwe..”….
This is a famous revolutionary song that I heard as a young
teenager in
early 1980 when the ZANLA and ZIPRA guerillas were being bussed
into various
assembly points dotted throughout the country as the ceasefire
was slowly
but surely taking hold.
There was an air of excitement and
utter, complete joy as these brave
fighters and sons of the soil were
returning to Zimbabwe to rule the nation.
Alas! Little did these gallant
warriors know about the exact intentions of
some of their
leaders.
Some of these leaders were never genuinely interested in
liberating the
people and ensuring that there would be equal opportunities
for all. Amongst
the leaders triumphantly returning from Mozambique were
some sheep in wolves’
clothes.
These were fake, fly-by-night
revolutionaries who were solely guided by
their voracious appetite for
corrupt, selfish and primitive accumulation of
private, personal wealth.
These were the hoodlums and low lives amongst
otherwise genuine and
well-meaning revolutionaries who had taken up arms of
war to fight the
illegal and racist Ian Smith settler regime.
And it is this bunch of fake
and latter day revolutionaries that has ensured
that Zimbabwe became the
basket case that it is today.
In a country where more that 80% of the
people live on less than US$2 per
day, you have these fat cats who have
corruptly externalised billions of
dollars to far away places in the Middle
East as well as the Far East.
It is these shameless thieves and looters
who have degenerated Zimbabwe and
not the so-called sanctions that we always
hear about in the ZanuPF
controlled print and electronic media.
Ian
Smith was under United Nations sponsored sanctions since his illegal
unilateral declaration of independence in 1965.However, inspite of and
despite these UN sanctions, Ian Smith managed to establish one of the most
sophisticated and industrialised economies this side of the
Equator.
Smith designed efffective import substitution policies that made
sure that
this country was a very close second to the South African economy.
And enter
the comrades from ZanuPF in April 1980! What then
happened?
It is a pity that the inclusive government did not divest
ZanuPF of its
total control of the levers of State power. If anything,
ZanuPF has misused
and abused the inclusive government to resuscitate its
waning political
fortunes.
They have effectively set up a parallel
government which is very handsomely
funded by the proceeds from the diamonds
of Chiadzwa and Marange. My fellow
countymen and women, please lend me your
ears. Let me tell you that this
country is being looted day in day out. And
for as long as ZanuPF continues
to control and manipulate the levers of
State power, Zimbabwe is doomed.
Trust me.
Going forward, all
well-meaning and patriotic citizens should take it as
their obligation to
make sure that our mighty motherland is saved from
ZanuPF misrule and
cleptocracy. I do not even want to imagine the impossible
event happening
next year!
Just imagine what will happen to this great country in the
very, very
unlikely event of a ZanuPF electoral victory in 2013? That will
be total
Amargeddon. Should such an unthinkable event take place, then
forget about
Zimbabwe.
For this country will then be permanently
forsaken to the ranks of failed
African states such as Somalia. I humbly
take this opportunity to appeal to
all patriotic Zimbabweans to take up the
challenge and ensure that come the
historic elections in 2013, ZanuPF will
be relegated to the political
dustbin where it rightfully belongs. I am not
hallucinating. This is
possible. It can and indeed, it should be done if it
all we want to save our
motherland from total collapse.
We have to
launch a ” Save Zimbabwe” campaign rightaway.T his is a peaceful
and
democratic campaign to make sure that ZanuPF get a comprehensive and
thorough electoral bashing at the forthcoming historic polls. The MDC led by
Morgan Tsvangirai should now up its game.
We have to immediately get
into campaign mode. Victory is ours to proclaim.
The enemy is annihilated
already. Only a miracle will see ZanuPF win a free
and fair election in
Zimbabwe today, tomorrow nor in the foreseable future.
And we all know that
miracles don’t easily happen!
When the MDC forms the next government next
year ( as will surely and
inevitably happen), we have to embark on a
comprehensive paradigm shift in
issues of governance. Corruption should be
ruthlessly clamped upon. I have
absolutely no apology to make by disclosing
that I am a Maoist.
I am a great admirer of Chairman Mao Zedong; the
revolutionary who helped in
establishing modern China. Of course, there is
some debate as to whether or
not Chairman Mao was a dictator. I think he was
just a strong and effective
leader who ensured that China was removed from a
feudal mode of production
into a modern and industrialising nation
state.
I agree that some scholars credit Deng Xiaoping with the
remarkable economic
progress of China in the past few decades. Whichever way
you look at it, in
Zimbabwe we need our own Maos and Xiaopings who will step
up and ensure that
it is no longer business as usual.
We need
something more than a mere change of government. We need a
comprehensive and
fundamental paradigm shift in which transparency,
accountability, efficiency
and comptence will be the only benchmarks for
placement of people in
positions of authority and/or influence.
Politics of corruption and
patronage should be history. Zimbabwe should be
saved from
collapse.
I am a patriot
Obert Gutu is the Senator for Chisipite
in Harare. He is also the MDC Harare
provincial spokesperson as well as the
Deputy Minister of Justice & Legal
Affairs. He is also the Africa
Heritage Society Goodwill Ambassador for
Justice & Messenger of Peace.
http://africanarguments.org
By Marko Phiri
September 29,
2012
Questions are being asked whether Zimbabwe’s President Robert
Mugabe is bent
on stirring the country back to the political chaos of 2008
as his party
Zanu PF stalls the constitution making process.
Without
a new constitution, elections are unlikely to be held as
constitutional
reform is one of the conditions the Global Political
Agreement (GPA) signed
in September 2008 by the three governing partners set
for the holding of
fresh polls.
But as Mugabe’s Zanu PF party digs in, the fear that the
party vowed to
instil in the hearts of commercial farmers during the violent
farm invasion
at the turn of the century has now been revisited on ordinary
folks.
With Mugabe still wielding control over the very repressive state
security
apparatus, his jingoism has led to questions about what his
aspirations are
for a country recovering from world-record breaking
inflation considering
that all pretence to a “popular uprising” have been
quashed by the so-called
securocrats.
At the height of the Arab
Spring and the subsequent bloody street clashes
between civilians and the
uniformed forces in the Maghreb, Zimbabwe’s
Defence Minister Emmerson
Mnagagwa and military men were quick to warn that
there was no room for
those aspiring to import the mass protests to
Zimbabwe.
The fact that
the Defence Minister and his barracks cohorts raised this was
in itself
telling: they knew Zimbabweans were in fact agitating for those
street
protests that had helped oust Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, a
long-time
Mugabe ally.
Indeed Mugabe – not a soldier himself – has come to
epitomise that
historical caricature of African strongmen who in their
efforts to
perpetuate bad governance, create dystopian nationhoods by
unleashing the
terror of the armed forces on civilians.
It has been
well documented how virtually all sectors of Zimbabwe’s public
services have
been stuffed – literally – with “retired” army generals: from
the body in
charge of elections, to railways and even football
administration, the army
badge has become ubiquitous.
And it does not come as a surprise then that
as the country makes tentative
steps towards polls, the military is at the
centre of resistance toward any
reforms that threaten Mugabe’s exit – and by
logical extension their own –
be they constitutional, media, electoral – all
based on claims that anything
else “countermands” the “sacrifices of the
liberation struggle!”
This obsession with all things military and its
toys thus became writ large
when it was announced without any hint of cruel
irony that Zimbabwe had
bought weapons from South Africa, a sign perhaps
that nothing is being left
to chance ahead of the elections, yet the very
fact that the same political
opponents the guns are aimed at sit with Mugabe
in government smacks of the
futility of efforts to create ideal conditions
for “a free and fair”
election, it has been argued.
Finance Minister
and MDC secretary general Tendai Biti has previously
resisted pressure to
pour millions of dollars into the recruitment of
soldiers, and predictably,
his critics within the Zanu PF establishment are
quick to claim Biti has his
priorities firmly ensconced in “Western
capitals” as Mugabe claims the West
did try a military invasion on
Zimbabwe!
Yet the fate of a whole
rogues gallery of African autocrats that includes
the bloody fall of Libyan
strongman Muamur Gaddafi who shared the same rabid
pan-Africanist idealisms
and stood shoulder-shoulder with Mugabe as they
spit the usual rhetoric
against “American imperialism” that was greeted with
glee and fist-pumping
in Zimbabwe’s metropolitan streets is too vivid for
Mugabe’s Cheka-like
operatives, a veritable throwback to Soviet communists!
Thus it is that
many Zimbabweans who openly swarmed streets in the election
euphoria of the
year 2000 that shook Mugabe have been reduced to muted
blissless reveries
imagining they could well do with localising that kind of
Arab Spring
violence.
But Mugabe has always been quick to warn he brooks no street
protests
against his 32-year old stranglehold on power. What is interesting
about
Zimbabwe is that many would in general conversations extol the
toppling of
leaders as happened in Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and it was even
asked when
Mubarak was toppled if Zimbabwe was ripe for televising its own
revolution.
Yet what has become clear is that the warnings President
Mugabe issues out
to would-be protestors have been taken to the letter.
After all, Mugabe’s
history of violence is well documented.
From as
early as independence in 1980, Mugabe has not disguised violence as
a
favoured weapon of choice when faced with opposition to his rule. He has
boasted of having “degrees in violence” and has effectively succeeded in
cultivating a fear of not only active participation in politics but even
such mundane things as expressing one’s political preferences.
A
recent survey by a local elections watchdog confirms what has always been
known, that Zimbabweans fear anything to do with politics, and it wasn’t
surprising that during the just ended national census enumeration exercise,
some residents refused to be counted, firmly believing that their personal
details were going to be fed into the database of Mugabe’s feared Central
Intelligence Organisation (CIO). This spy agency is long accused of hounding
Zanu PF opponents.
It can be argued then that Mugabe has succeeded in
instilling unpatriotic
fear among Zimbabweans as a very useful tool to
perpetuate what even his
trusted lieutenants revealed in explosive WikiLeaks
from the United States
Harare Embassy cables that he had long passed his
relevance to local
politics.
But this has still not damped his
resolve to continue with his project which
over the years has appeared to be
a pathological determination to take the
country down with him, wherever it
is he is going.
The 88-year ruler is full of ironies and
contradictions.
He has insisted that he will retire from active politics
as long as “his
people” want him, conveniently forgetting that he has been
rejected by the
electorate since 2000. He has also said he will not step
down as Zanu PF
leader because there is no one within the party ranks worthy
to untie his
sandals, to borrow from Christian allegory.
This itself
is seen as scathing indictment on his kind of leadership. It has
thus been
asked how he could have failed to groom a successor during his
long reign,
betraying the fact that he has always wanted to be in charge
until his
expiration.
But as his biographer the late Heidi Holland put it, he still
imagines
himself as a young lad and is reliving a lost past. Yet this does
not
detract from what appears to be a morbid desire to also revisit the
street
protests of 1998 for example where thousands took the police head-on
as they
protested against bread prices and a rising cost of
living.
These would-be protestors know only too well the fate that awaits
them.
The bruised face of Morgan Tsvangirai when he was beaten by police
during a
botched 2007 peace rally, the bare bruised thighs of senior MDC
official and
feminist Grace Kwinje, the bandaged head of constitution law
professor and
long-time Mugabe critic Lovemore Madhuku, the picture of the
then 64-year
old Sekai Holland writhing in pain after police reportedly
screamed “hit her
buttocks hard,” the bloodied face of the MDC’s then
Information Secretary
Nelson Chamisa, the disappearance of opposition
activists since independence
in 1980, and the failed so-called “Final Push”
of 2003 remain vividly etched
in people’s minds.
But that is still
going too far as we have the brutality of the March 2008
election violence
unleashed by Mugabe loyalists and state security agents to
remind
Zimbabweans the folly of choosing a political party other than Zanu
PF.
What then are the options for millions of Zimbabweans both at
home and
abroad faced with Mugabe’s recalcitrance? Not even the United
States, long
accused of taking up other people’s fight for democracy seems
to have a
clue.
A red flag has been raised before that political
instability in Zimbabwe
could mean instability in southern Africa, yet all
efforts to redirect
Mugabe away from that imminent chaos have fallen on very
obdurate ears.
Meanwhile, Zimbabweans stand aside and look, but they ask:
till when?
Marko Phiri is a journalist/writer based in Bulawayo,
Zimbabwe.
http://indepthafrica.com
Posted On : September 30th,
2012
By Audrey Charowa
Zimbabwe’s 88year old President used
his speech at the 67th Annual Security
Council meeting at the United Nations
in New York this week to attack NATO
States as “Warmongers”. Although,
they’ve killed far less people than
Zimbabwe’s 5th Brigade. Mugabe claimed
they were “inspired by the arrogant
belief that they are the most powerful
among us”. The theme chosen for this
session, by recently elected President
of the General Assembly, Mr Vuk
Jeremic was “Bringing about Adjustment or
Settlement of International
Disputes or Situations by Peaceful
Means”
LONESOME DESPOT
Mugabe who is still incensed by the death of
fellow despot and long-time
ally, Muammar Gaddafi of Libya condemned what he
termed a “might is now
right” policy and an “insatiable appetite for war”.
The Irony of Mugabe’s
speech could not have been lost on his listeners. He
attacked NATO countries
for doing much less than he does. The so called
“warmongering” in Libya was
just simply an international response to augment
the voice of the
marginalised youth of Libya who were clamouring for the
rights to make their
own destiny and to be heard by their own
government.
AWARD WINNING PERFORMANCE
Mugabe’s deadpan
performance belied his mirth. Watching him you could almost
accept as true
that he believed the words that were coming out of his mouth.
In what
appeared to be a moment of clarity Mugabe took the UN to task on the
lack
representation of Africa in the Security Council. He said “For how
long, Mr
President, [Vuk Jeremic ] will the international community continue
to
ignore the aspirations of a whole continent of fifty-four countries? …It
is
indeed a travesty of justice that the African continent, which accounts
for
almost a third of the membership represented in this august Assembly,
has no
permanent representation in the Security Council.”
THE USUAL
SUSPECTS
True to form former US President, George W. Bush and former British
Prime
Minister, Tony Blair made a cameo appearance in Mugabe’s speech. The
former
leaders were jointly accused of an “illegal campaign of aggression
against
Iraq” that resulted in a worsening of “the conflict between the
Sunnis and
Shi’ites. Clearly the octogenarian had forgotten his own war in
the
Democratic Republic of Congo between 1998-2001.
In
closing Mugabe said “Allow me to conclude by reaffirming Zimbabwe’s
commitment to the principles that have brought us together in the United
Nations for the last 67 years.” Principles? This coming after blowing a
reported $7million on a trip to Brazil with a delegation of almost 100 then
claiming there was no money for By-Elections and no drinking water in
Zimbabwe’s largest cities. Surely this is another case of the pot calling
the kettle black?
September 29th, 2012
Via Press release: ZUPA which represents the
interests of millions of economically disadvantaged people acknowledges the
expressed intention of the Zimbabwe Government to craft a people driven
constitution through COPAC. Having consulted our wide and diverse membership, it
is clear that the new constitution for Zimbabwe must preserve the legacy of the
liberation struggle, ensure a 50-50 gender balance in all elected offices,
facilitate devolution in a single state, allow dual citizenship and Diaspora
vote and create a Senate independent of political parties that will be the
oversight chamber. All independent commissions must be committees of the
independent senate that must not have any member of a political party but
independent professionals able to hold politicians to account. There is also a
call to raise the quality of elected officials.
We welcomed the public
outreach process in good faith hoping that the input of the people would form
the content of the new constitution of Zimbabwe. On that note, we welcome the
decision to avail the National Statistical Report at the Second All Stakeholders
Conference.
We are however concerned that the current draft done in
July 2012 by COPAC appears to move away from the expressed views of the
Zimbabweans and instead favours a negotiated approach between the parties in the
GNU.
We believe the original intention was not another negotiated Kariba
Draft but a new Constitution for Zimbabwe informed by the undiluted views of the
ordinary Zimbabweans.
We are also concerned that whereas an estimated 4
million Zimbabweans in the Diaspora made contributions in a compiled document
submitted and officially received by COPAC, Diaspora views do not appear to have
been factored in the National Statistical Report percentages. The Diaspora
clearly asked for dual citizenship, devolution of power and Diaspora
Vote.
ZUPA is working to seek support from delegates attending the 2nd All Stakeholders conference for the following views from ordinary Zimbabweans including those in the Diaspora to be included in the new constitution of Zimbabwe.