Our thoughts and prayers are with Zimbabwe
- may peace, truth and justice prevail.

Waiting - the war fought at home
Calls for a new voters' roll in Zimbabwe
Fake money scandal hits Reserve Bank
Decent Burial Beyond the Reach of Majority
Harare aims to muzzle pre-election dissent: Amnesty
Tax break for Zimbabwe's struggling workers
Medical Aid Contributions Up
Humanitarian access denied to increasingly vulnerable former farm workers
Burst Pipe Causes Congestion
Reporter holds out hope for Zimbabwe
Illegal Settlers Given Ultimatum
$20bn Property Recovered
Chirundu Border Post: A Snoozing Economic Giant
Church's AIDS programme closed down
JAG Ugent Legal Communique - 1
JAG Ugent Legal Communique - 2
Our Bill of Rights Doesn't Become Invalid North of the Limpopo

Zim Online

WAITING THE WAR FOUGHT AT HOME
Tue 27 July 2004

      HARARE - On a late July winter's evening Tabeth Saruchera (not her
real name) sits staring at the fireplace in her modest house here in Bindura
town, about 60 kilometres north of Zimbabwe's capital Harare. The pensive
mother of seven sits quietly for so long it seems she has not heard the
question. But Saruchera interrupts her own reverie as she replies, in a low
      voice, she doesn't know if she will ever see her husband again.

      'It is not easy for a woman to look after the family by herself. It is
even worse if she doesn't know where the children's father is,' says
Saruchera. 'The date of his return is being kept a secret.'

      She reaches for some sadza (a thick porridge made from ground maize)
on the table while explaining that her husband is a member of the Zimbabwean
National Army's (ZNA) 31st infantry battalion. The Manicaland-based
batallion was deployed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in 1998
during that country's civil war. The war ended two years ago. But Saruchera
says she has yet to hear from her spouse, let alone see him.

      The army authorities' reluctance to tell wives of missing soldiers
about the whereabouts of their husbands only helps worsen Saruchera's
anxiety and fear that she may never see her husband again.

      Saruchera says initially, when her husband's batallion was called to
action in the DRC, she believed he would return. Today, almost six years
later, that hope has turned into terrible despair.

      Frail-looking Saruchera, who is in her forties, has adjusted to the
tough life of a single mother. At one point in the interview her
six-year-old son climbs onto her lap, demanding attention. 'Baba varikuuya
rinhi mama?' the young Nhamo asks (he wants to know when his father is
coming home). Saruchera struggles to hold back her tears while at the same
time trying to
      explain to the boy that it will be some time before father returns.
But eventually the weight of it all causes her to break down.

      'Why don't they tell us the truth?' she says almost as if she is
pleading for help. 'Every member of the family is worried. It would be
better if they just told us where he is.'

      In August 1998, President Robert Mugabe dispatched 12 000 troops to
the DRC to rescue that country's late President Laurent Kabila from an armed
rebellion against his rule. At its peak the DRC war drew in armies from six
African countries backing different sides. The war ended in 2002.

      But several Zimbabwean soldiers remain unaccounted for. The ZNA has
kept its losses in the DRC both in men and material - a closely guarded
secret, and remains stoically silent about the missing servicemen.

      In Sakubva high-density suburb in the eastern border city of Mutare,
Mavis Magwenzi (not her real name), another wife waiting for her man to
return from the DRC, says it would be better if the government declared her
husband dead as this would enable her to wind up his estate.

      Magwenzi, 26, says her husband left her for the DRC only two months
after their wedding. She explains it is only the support of friends from her
church that has made it possible for her to survive the long and apparently
fruitless wait for her husband.

      She says some of her relatives had even consulted traditional seers in
an attempt to find out where her husband was - to no avail. 'We receive
contradicting information. Some (the seers) say he is still in the DRC,
others say he is dead. It's all confusing.' But of late information about
what might have befallen Saruchera's or Magwenzi's husbands and several
other soldiers missing is slowly beginning to emerge.

      During a hearing at the Harare Magistrate's Court on the fate of 47
ZNA men declared missing in action in the DRC, the court heard how at least
three of them had been captured by rebels in the DRC and dismembered with
machetes and explosives.

      Army officers attending the hearing also told the court that several
of their colleagues, demoralised by he war, had committed suicide in the
jungles of the DRC. The details of the missing 47 soldiers only became
public because relatives had appealed to the courts to have the men declared
dead to enable surviving dependents to wind up their estates.

      With the government and the army adamant they will not make public the
losses suffered in the DRC it will perhaps require such court appeals before
the full story about Zimbabwe's missing soldiers can be known. But for
Saruchera, Magwenzi and several other widows, who do not have the resources
to institute legal action, all they can do for now is to wait and hope that
some day, someone will own up about the fate of their loved ones. Zim Online

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Zim Online

Calls for a new voters' roll in Zimbabwe
Tue 27 July 2004

      HARARE Civil society groups and the opposition in Zimbabwe are
calling for a fresh voter registration process to create a new and reliable
voters' roll, following last week's announcement by government of a reform
of electoral laws. .

      Reginald Matchaba-Hove, the chairman of the Zimbabwe Election Support
Network (ZESN), said civic society and the main opposition Movement for
Democratic Change (MDC) must pressurise President Robert Mugabe to order the
preparation of a new voters' register.

      Matchaba-Hove said it was impossible, even under new electoral laws,
to hold a truly free and fair election next year because of the serious
defects in the present voters' register. "Once the independent electoral
body is in place, a new voter registration exercise has to start and
delimitation of constituencies would follow to avoid allegations of vote
rigging."

      The Registrar General's Office still in charge of preparing
elections - has been registering voters across he country but civic groups
and the MDC say the process has deliberately focused on areas where the
ruling ZANU PF enjoys more support while excluding opposition areas. The
Registrar General, Tobaiwa Mudede, denies the charge.

      A new voter registration process would require millions of dollars and
may cause the postponement of the general election scheduled for March 2005.
Crisis Coalition of Zimbabwe (CCZ) chairman Brian Kagoro backed
Matchaba-Hove's call for a new voters' roll. The CCZ is a a coalition of
churches, labour movement, lawyers, human and civic rights groups and
      non-governmental-organisations.

      Kahoro said a fresh voter registration exercise must also capture the
more than three million Zimbabweans living and working abroad. The Registrar
General's Office had excluded the Zimbabwean diaspora, seen as
pro-opposition, from his registration efforts. Kagoro said the government
must also repeal repressive legislation hindering democratic activity in the
country.

      MDC spokesman Paul Themba-Nyathi said that the call for a new register
'is a logical requirement. If we are going to have a free and fair
election, it is the whole electoral process which makes it legitimate. We
want a clean electoral exercise, from voter registration onwards."

      Neither Mudede nor ZANU PF spokesman Nathan Shamuyarira could be
reached for comment. Zim Online

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Zim Online

Fake money scandal hits Reserve Bank
Tue 27 July 2004

      BULAWAYO - A fresh bearers' cheques scandal hit the Reserve Bank of
Zimbabwe (RBZ) last week, when a Bulawayo branch of Time Bank received close
to two million Zimbabwe dollars worth of fake cheques from the central bank.

      Bearer's cheques are a type of paper money introduced in Zimbabwe to
end a severe shortage of bank notes that gripped the country late last year.
The cheques were supposed to expire and be pulled out of circulation at the
beginning of this year but are still in use.

      A senior executive with Time Bank in Bulawayo, who refused to be
named, confirmed to Zim Online that the bank had received fake bearers'
cheques with a face value of Z$1,9 million from the RBZ on Monday last week.
The executive said the cheques were returned to the RBZ.

      Reserve Bank Governor, Dr Gideon Gono on Saturday said he did not know
about the incident, five days after the counterfeit money is said to have
been discovered. "Right now I am not in my office and I am not in a position
to comment on the issue because I have not been briefed on that," said Gono.

      Sources at the RBZ said the fake could be an inside job, in which
employees took advantage of lax security controls to steal real money and
replace it with counterfeit. The RBZ workers ruled out the possibility that
the bank's printers Fidelity Printers - could have produced the fake
cheques, saying there was thorough checking of the money when it comes in
from the company.

      The sources said it was 'mind boggling' that the Reserve Bank would
not check and detect fake cheques before dispatching them to banks. An
internal investigation has already started to establish the origins of the
fake money.

      RBZ officials in Bulawayo made a report to the fraud department of the
Criminal Investigations Department on Tuesday last week. Police sources
said senior investigators were already working on the matter with strict
instructions not to talk about the issue as a damage control tactic.

      Central Bank officials are nervous that leaks about the counterfeit
money would impact negatively on the Monetary Policy, whose second quarterly
review is due next month. 'Banking matters are matters of public confidence
and the governor would not want the public to be alarmed, especially when he
is about to review the Monetary Policy,' said an official at the Bulawayo
      branch of the RBZ.

      This is not the first time that fake bearer's cheques have been
discovered in Bulawayo. At the beginning of the year, a Trust Bank branch
received mixed denominations of twenty and ten thousand dollar fake cheques
from the Reserve Bank.

      There have also been isolated cases of people being caught using the
fake money. Last week, a Bulawayo man was arrested after spending more than
two hundred thousand dollars of fake bearer's cheques at a nightclub. Zim
Online

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Decent Burial Beyond the Reach of Majority

Inter Press Service (Johannesburg)

July 26, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Stanley Karombo
Harare

Bodies are piling up in Harare's mortuaries, because relatives of the dead
refuse to claim them. Most of these relatives cannot afford the cost of a
funeral. While the city council has been giving paupers' burials to the
unclaimed bodies, it is now running out of burial space.

Beauty Moyo, one of those unable to afford a decent burial for her relative,
breaks down, sobbing, in front of a deserted corridor of Harare's main
Parirenyatwa hospital. Her sister died two months ago.

Adjusting her hat, Moyo glances at the floor and, barely audibly, explains
she's not mourning her beloved sibling's death as much as she's mourning her
family's inability to give her "a decent burial". Moyo lives in Glenview, a
poor suburb of Harare. Despite her family's desire to lay her sister to rest
in peace - they simply cannot afford it, she says.

When asked if she has seen the adverts in the state-controlled newspaper
'The Herald', urging people to come forward and claim bodies of relatives at
mortuaries, she nodded in affirmative.

The family has decided that her sister will receive a pauper's funeral, Moyo
says.

Elsewhere, at Harare Central Hospital, a distraught family hovers outside
the mortuary. One of the family members, shabbily-dressed Namatai Jumbe says
her father passed away while admitted at the hospital.

While sobbing, she explains that the surviving members of her family could
not afford to pay a driver to transport their father's body to their rural
home in Musana, about 30 kilometers from the capital. "We have to go home
and sell cattle, so we can raise the amount needed to transport the body,"
says Jumbe, wiping her tears.

Hospital mortuaries all over Zimbabwe are overcrowded as increasing numbers
of people fail to claim and collect the bodies of their loved ones. "Some,"
says Harare Central Hospital's superintendent, Dr. Chris Tapfumaneyi, "are
poor and abandon the bodies on purpose, hoping the city will lay their
relatives to rest."

"Others are the bodies of dead vagrants, collected by police," he says.

In a country where inflation has hit over 600 percent, the price of burial
has also gone up.

A basic burial - including cemetery, grave fees, a modest wooden casket and
transportation - costs at least about 380 U.S. dollars.

This is more than the annual minimum wage of the majority of Zimbabweans. It
is also beyond the reach of at least 70 percent of the country's population
who are unemployed. As prices climb, so does the number of unclaimed corpses
crowding mortuaries.

Parirenyatwa hospital's executive officer, Thomas Zindoga, confirms there
are 66 bodies at his institution's mortuary.

While walking through its corridors, it is impossible to ignore the odour
emanating from the mortuary, whose cooling and refrigeration system packed
up last week.

Once inside, one is greeted with the ghoulish sight of bodies stacked on top
of one another. Apart from the sight of infants' corpses, there are lifeless
figures covered by either canvas or cotton sheets. Some have been placed on
stalls, others lie on the floor. Rural residents are fortunate; they bury
their dead on family plots, according to their traditions.

Unfortunately, city dwellers have no such luxury. The HIV/AIDS death toll is
increasing the demand for graves. The World Health Organisation (WHO)
estimates that as many as 3,000 people die in Zimbabwe of AIDS-related
illnesses every week. While this increases the need for burial space, there
is no matching supply; the capital's cemeteries are already overcrowded.

Phillip Mataranyika, secretary general of the Zimbabwe Association of
Funeral Assurers, describes the lack of burial space as 'desperate', urging
city officials to allocate more land. But the municipality spokeswoman,
Leslie Gwindi, declined to comment.

Mataranyika predicts more families may consider cremation, despite their
preferring a conventional burial. In June, the cash-strapped council ran out
of the imported inflammable gas used at its only crematorium.

Speaking to IPS, an undertaker in Harare, who asked not to be named, says
private funeral homes in the city are storing at least 100 bodies, all due
for cremation. A dozen have been transported to the second city, Bulawayo,
which has a diesel-fired crematorium. But diesel fuel - like regular
gasoline - is also scarce.

A leader of Harare's Hindu community, who spoke to IPS on condition of
anonymity, says they may waive strict religious rules to allow non-Hindus to
be cremated in their small diesel-fired crematorium.

This may offer some Zimbabweans, like the Moyo and Jumbe families, an
alternative - if not ideal means - to bid farewell to their loved ones.

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SABC

Harare aims to muzzle pre-election dissent: Amnesty

July 26, 2004, 18:49

Zimbabwe's plans to ban foreign human rights groups and block overseas
funding for local campaigners are an attempt to suppress opposition ahead of
elections next year, Amnesty International said today. The plans, outlined
in a draft law in Harare last week, say all non-governmental organisations
(NGOs) would have to register with a state council and no foreign
organisation could operate "if its sole or principal objects involve or
include issues of governance".

Amnesty said in a statement: "These reports indicate that, as with other
legislation introduced in the past two years, the government will use this
new bill to silence critical voices and further restrict the right to
freedom of expression."

"It is a clear attempt by the government to suppress dissenting views as
parliamentary elections scheduled for March 2005 draw closer," the rights
group said.

Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe's president, who accuses some NGOs of working with
Western countries to undermine his government, said last week his Zanu(PF)
government planned a law to "ensure rationalisation of the macro-management
of all NGOs". Amnesty urged Harare to repeal or amend the proposed
legislation immediately.

Mugabe, one of Africa's longest serving leaders, denies charges by the main
opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and several Western
countries that he rigged his re-election in 2002.

A prominent Zimbabwean churchman chided Britain and South Africa last week
for not taking a tougher line against the "evils" of Mugabe. Pius Ncube,
Catholic archbishop of Zimbabwe's second city Bulawayo, said political
repression and economic hardship had become so critical there was a risk of
civil conflict.

Mugabe, who has held power since independence from Britain in 1980, accuses
Zimbabwe's former colonial ruler of leading a Western campaign to oust him
over his government's seizure of white owned farms for redistribution to
landless blacks. - Reuters

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Business Report

      Tax break for Zimbabwe's struggling workers

      By Sapa-AFP

      Harare - Acting Finance Minister Herbert Murerwa on Monday gave
low-income Zimbabweans struggling with skyrocketing inflation a tax break,
saying it would help the economy.

      "With regards to tax on individual's income, high rates of inflation
have not only eroded the real value of incomes but have pushed up most
employees into high tax brackets," Murerwa said after a mid-term review of
the government's financial policies.

      "This undermines disposable incomes, critical for stimulating
aggregate demand in the economy."

      Murerwa announced that from September 1, the individual tax-free
threshold would be raised from 200 000 Zimbabwean dollars (about R350) to
750 000 Zimbabwean dollars per month.

      "This policy measure will release about 750-billion Zimbabwean dollars
into the hands of taxpayers, including pensioners, and thereby stimulate
economic activity," he said.

      Zimbabwe's annual inflation rate is among the highest in the world
      . It peaked at more than 600 percent at the end of 2003 but has since
declined to around 395 percent in June this year.

      The central bank has set an inflation target of less than 200 percent
for the end of the year.

      The southern African country has been in the throes of a social,
political and economic crisis the past five years.

      Murerwa said although personal income tax remained the major
contributor to government coffers, he believed the tax relief would
ultimately create more revenues for the state.

      "As we improve disposable incomes on tax payers, they buy more goods
and services and pay toward the VAT (Value Added Tax) process. So we hope
the additional revenues will come through VAT," Murerwa said.

      His mid-term review of the fiscal policy came ahead of a monetary
policy announcement scheduled for Tuesday by the central bank which had
recently announced steps to control burgeoning inflation.

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Medical Aid Contributions Up

The Herald (Harare)

July 26, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Harare

MEDICAL aid societies have increased their monthly contributions by varying
percentages with effect from July 1.

However, the increases move has been condemned by the majority of members
who felt medical aid contributions were now a luxury they could not afford.

Monthly contributions for some medical aid schemes have now hover around
$400 000 a month for the member alone.

Add the spouse, children and other dependants, and the monthly deductions
exceed the $1 million mark.

This, according to some employees, was too high, considering that they
sometimes went for a whole year without consulting a doctor.

It was tantamount to subsidising the chronically ill, who were always
receiving treatment at their expense, they observed.

While the percentages vary from one society to the other, the latest
increases average between 20 percent and 85 percent.

The Herald Business established at the weekend that contributions for the
Zimbabwe Newspapers Medical Aid Fund went up by 20 percent with effect from
July 1, while those for Medical Aid Society of Central Africa (Masca) soared
by 85 percent.

Premier Service Medical Aid Society has also increased its monthly
contributions, but it could not immediately be established by what
percentage.

Contributions for the Engineering Medical Fund were expected to go up by
between 50 percent and 70 percent with effect from August 1.

This would see the lowest monthly contribution under the primary scheme
rising to $14 000 while that for the general scheme would climb to $80 000 a
month. Members on Supermed will have to fork out $333 200 a month in
contributions.

Under Masca's classic scheme range, members were now paying between $13 500
and $438 400 a month while contributions under the vitality scheme ranged
between $124 500 and $373 000.

For Zimpapers, members now pay $46 800 for themselves and their spouses and
$23 400 per child under the "A" scheme.

Under the "B" scheme, members were expected to pay $28 080 for themselves
and $14 040 for each child.

Where benefits were more attractive, contributions were automatically
higher.

Sources within the medical aid fraternity said it was normal practice for
premiums to go up quarterly.

This was also the case with doctors' fees, which went up by 17 percent at
the beginning of July.

However, members of the public said it was not fair for the bulk of their
salaries to go towards medical aid.

Some complained that they taken home as little as $100 000 this month after
the bulk of their salaries went towards their medical aid.

Others said the increases were unfair since they were expected to buy their
own medication and make co-payments.

In normal circumstances, the medical aid society settles 80 percent of the
medical bill while the member pays 20 percent.

That 20 percent, which is paid upfront, is referred to as the co-payment.

"The situation out there is that the doctors see you after you pay $30 000
co-payment and give you a prescription for drugs that you have to buy using
cash.

"Yes, you can claim part of it from the medical aid society but it will not
be the full amount," said Ms Hazvinei Chikwanha of Eastlea.

Some companies were reported to have advised their employees to forego
medical aid, as they would lose a substantial part of their income to
contributions.

However, the advent of medical aid has seen the burden of health costs
lessening as employees and their families have access to specialist
treatment, and can afford to undergo complicated operations, while the
medical aid society foots the bill.

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   Zimbabwe: Humanitarian access denied to increasingly vulnerable former
farm workers
      26 Jul 2004 16:11:00 GMT

      Sarah Martin and Andrea Lari

Refugees International - USA
Website: http://www.refugeesinternational.org
July 26, 2004 Contacts: Sarah Martin and Andrea Lari
ri@refugeesinternational.org or 202.828.0110

Zimbabwe: Humanitarian access denied to increasingly vulnerable former farm
workers

In Zimbabwe economic disruption and political intimidation and harassment
have caused 150,000 former farm workers to become internally displaced. As
conditions for the former farm workers deteriorate, the Government of
Zimbabwe is imposing restrictions and preventing humanitarian agencies from
providing them assistance, resulting in a hidden crisis of internal
displacement in the country.

Since 2000, the economic situation of Zimbabwe has progressively
deteriorated: production of food has dropped and inflation has skyrocketed
to more than 400 percent annually. Unemployment has spread rapidly. An
estimated 78% of farm workers, who represented 25% of the national active
working force, have lost their jobs. This crisis has been caused by the poor
implementation of the Fast Track Land Reform program by the Government of
Zimbabwe, compounded by regional droughts that have effected crop
production. The crisis has a political dimension as well, as the ruling
party, ZANU-PF, has targeted the farm workers as a potential political base
for the opposition. The government has implemented special political
re-education programs while impeding humanitarian access to organizations
deemed to be part of the political opposition to consolidate their political
strength in anticipation of upcoming parliamentary elections.

Many of the commercial farms that were marked for acquisition under the Fast
Track Land Reform were seized violently. A farm worker interviewed by
Refugees International described it by saying, "The war veterans came with
soldiers and guns and threw tear gas to threaten us when they seized our
farm." Farm workers, accused of supporting the former farm owners, were
ordered to leave their houses instantly, unable to collect even their
belongings. The war veterans destroyed houses to push farm workers off the
land and to ensure that they could not return. In some cases, people were
ferried to communal areas or dumped at road sides.

Not all of the former farm workers have been displaced due to violent
eviction. Displacement is also due to economic conditions on the former
commercial farms. Some of the new settlers have been unable to farm their
allotment of land due to lack of financial capital or lack of essential
agricultural inputs. Many of the new settlers refuse to or cannot pay
minimum wage to farm workers. The current minimum wage is Z$72,000 per month
(approximately $13) but most of the farm workers told us that the new
settlers only pay them about Z$15,000 per month (approximately $3). The
former farm workers accuse them of using intimidation, hunger, and other
methods to get the farm workers to work for them in "slave labor"
conditions. In some case, new settlers ban access to NGOs that provide food
assistance telling farm workers, "If you are getting food, you will be sent
out of the farm".

The majority of former farm workers have opted to stay on the farms or
remain "trapped" on the land. Those who have remained have few livelihood
options and turn to other activities such as gold panning and hunting of
game for commercial sales. "My wife works for the new settlers to keep the
peace and I pan for gold," said one farm worker. "Life on the farm is not
good but I have nowhere else to go." Some find themselves near starvation
with no access to food or services. Due to lack of options, many eventually
end up working for the new settlers at drastically reduced wages or in
exchange for goods, such as food or school uniforms for their children. Lack
of sufficient food and access to basic services such as water and
sanitation, healthcare and primary education have made the former farm
workers that are trapped on the farms increasingly vulnerable.

Decreased access to healthcare services has greatly increased the
susceptibility of former farm workers to HIV/AIDS and other diseases such as
tuberculosis and malaria. Former farm workers complained that there had been
an outbreak of malaria on the farm as they did not have equipment to drain
standing water. They told us, "The former farmer used to do this but they
broke his equipment when they chased him off the farm." Lacking money to go
to the clinic, some of the children had died, but there was a former health
worker on the farm who negotiated with the clinic workers for free medicine
that the farm workers could not afford to buy.

The high rate of HIV/AIDS infection has caused a very high orphan population
on most of the farms. It is estimated that there are 900,000 to 1.2 million
orphans in Zimbabwe and an average of 12 orphans per commercial farm. Both
orphans and children of former farm-workers are particularly impacted by the
economic problems. Besides insufficient food, children lack money for
uniforms, supplies, and transport to schools. Some children have to work as
casual labor on farms, performing tasks such as picking cotton or weeding
crops to help support their families. Orphans are usually the first to drop
out of school for lack of funds. These orphans are vulnerable to
exploitation as child labor. RI interviewed a 14-year-old girl who told us,
"I was paid 2500 Z$ (50 cents) a day to weed maize fields. I did this to
earn the money that I needed for a school uniform. They will not let you in
the school if you do not have a uniform." Older orphans are drifting to
towns to add to the expanding street child population and to work as
prostitutes. to work as prostitutes.

In the face of these rapidly growing levels of vulnerability, the Government
of Zimbabwe, both at national and local levels, is setting barriers to
access for humanitarian agencies. By progressively reducing the operational
space of humanitarian agencies, the government is preventing assistance from
reaching those who need it. The government has begun instituting new
administrative requirements such as signing new memorandums of understanding
that restrict access, demanding two weeks advance notice for field visits,
and requesting personal details on staff, including residential addresses.
Many operational agencies are treated with suspicion by the government and
their access is blocked. NGOs that receive funding from "unfriendly" foreign
countries (countries who have criticized the Government of Zimbabwe's
actions) or are perceived as sympathetic to the political opposition find
themselves facing barriers to their work. Some NGOs claim that they are
targeted for harassment because their work with displaced populations
threatens to show that the land reform program has been unsuccessful in
addressing inequity in land ownership.ed populations threatens to show that
the land reform program has been unsuccessful in addressing inequity in land
ownership.

Refugees International, therefore, recommends that:

. The Government of Zimbabwe acknowledge that former farm workers are
increasingly vulnerable and take steps to meet their basic needs, including
allowing international organizations to provide direct assistance to them. .
The Government of Zimbabwe form mixed needs assessment teams with local NGOs
to conduct visits and ascertain the exact levels of vulnerability of groups
living in the former commercial farming areas. . The Government of Zimbabwe,
the United Nations, and the donor community devise a plan of action for
addressing the reestablishment of vital community services, such as health
clinics, water points and primary education facilities.

Advocates Sarah Martin and Andrea Lari recently completed as assessment
mission to Zimbabwe.

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Burst Pipe Causes Congestion

The Herald (Harare)

July 24, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Harare

HARARE City Council officials have failed to repair a burst water pipe along
Lomagundi Road, causing congestion as motorists try to avoid the spot.

Water has been gushing out of the burst pipe for almost two weeks.

Yesterday there were some barricades at the spot put by council workers and
inscribed "Road Works Ahead" but there was no one working at the site.

Vendors operating along the road said council workers put the barricades on
Tuesday this week following a letter to the Editor that was published in The
Herald of July 20, written by an "Unimpressed Ratepayer".

"They only came and put these iron bars, dig the tar and they are no where
to be found," said one of the vendors. The barricades are causing heavy
traffic congestion along that stretch of road especially during peak
periods.

A motorist has already hit one of the barricades.

The Harare City Council director of Works Mr Sychology Chiwanga was not
immediately available for comment.

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Mail and Guardian

Reporter holds out hope for Zimbabwe

Johannesburg, South Africa

26 July 2004 11:37

A year after he was expelled from Zimbabwe as the correspondent for The
Guardian, Andrew Meldrum has written a book that predicts a bright future
for the country despite the havoc brought by President Robert Mugabe.

Where We Have Hope: A Memoir of Zimbabwe, chronicles Meldrum's beginnings as
an American journalist in Zimbabwe soon after its independence from Britain
in 1980 and his early appreciation of the liberation hero turned president,
Mugabe.

"I was impressed by the new leader, Robert Mugabe, who had transformed
himself from a hard-line Marxist guerrilla leader into a statesman who
called for racial reconciliation," writes Meldrum in the book published by
John Murray Publishers.

But he would soon discover the regime's capacity for repression in the 1980s
when between 10 000 and 20 000 ethnic Ndebeles were killed in massacres in
the southern province of Matabeleland for supporting rival Joshua Nkomo.

Ten years, Mugabe would face another challenge to his hold on power from the
opposition Movement for Democratic Change and would once again resort to
repression, torture and political murder to strengthen his rule.

As the last foreign correspondent to remain in Zimbabwe, Meldrum was accused
of writing "bad things" about Mugabe's rule and deported in 2003, about 23
years later.

While Meldrum does not spare Mugabe in his account, he writes glowingly of
Zimbabweans who he says will find a better way to be governed.

"Zimbabwe will one day restore its democracy and a new government will
resurrect respect for human rights and a free press," writes Meldrum.

"When this will be achieved, however, I cannot say. But I am absolutely sure
that the country will return to its democratic ideals and Zimbawe will once
again be a beacon for all of Africa." - Sapa-AFP

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Illegal Settlers Given Ultimatum

The Herald (Harare)

July 26, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Harare

THE Government has given illegal settlers at Porta Farm up until August 15
to vacate the property and has banned construction of unapproved houses at
White Cliff Farm along the Harare-Bulawayo Highway.

The Minister of Local Government, Public Works and National Housing, Cde
Ignatius Chombo, made the announcement following a visit to Porta and White
Cliff farms last week where he explained Government policy on how the two
farms would be administered.

Addressing residents at the two properties, Cde Chombo said White Cliff
Farm, which had been acquired from Mr Eddie Pfugari, was now State property
under the management of Harare Metropolitan Province.

He condemned the haphazard settlement at White Cliff, where most houses were
built without proper planning.

Cde Chombo urged the residents to relocate to other acquired farms outside
Harare to allow Government to regularise settlement at the farm.

The minister added that a new committee had been established to manage
affairs at the farm.

Tongogara Housing Co-operative, which is based at White Cliff, was also
instructed to stop accepting new members until the regularisation exercise
had been completed. One settler who preferred anonymity said Government
measures would ensure that schools and hospitals were built.

"We welcome the move by Government to stop further haphazard construction of
houses. We can now have access to transport, health facilities and roads
like other communities," he said.

However, when The Herald visited the farm several new arrivals, mostly in
family units, could be seen off-loading their household goods such as
wardrobes, kitchen utensils and beds onto the settlement.

Men were busy constructing makeshift houses made from pole-and-dagga and
plastic.

"Rentals in the residential areas of Harare have skyrocketed and this is why
I have decided to move onto this farm," said a newcomer who had vacated his
lodgings in Kuwadzana.

Another unplanned settlement is New Park in Good Hope near Mt Hampden. When
settlers there heard that Government had given Porta Farm residents until
August 15 to vacate the property, they applauded the move, saying wherever
they would be taken it would improve their well-being since they would now
be in planned settlements.

The New Park residents spoken to said they were also prepared to move out of
if allocated land to resettle anywhere.

"We are in a marshy area which is always water-logged during the rainy
season," said a resident who preferred not to be named.

He said Local Government Minister Cde Chombo and Resident Minister and
Governor for Harare Province Cde Witness Mangwende should visit Good Hope to
see for themselves that the area where people have put up some settlements
is a flight path for planes from nearby Charles Prince Airport in Mt
Hampden.

"Imagine the disaster that would happen in the event of a plane crash in the
area," said another resident. Illegal settlements have mushroomed in open
spaces and on farms around Harare in recent years where accommodation was
cheaper.

It is estimated that over 500 000 people in Harare live in backyard shacks
that are not suitable for human habitation.

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$20bn Property Recovered

The Herald (Harare)

July 26, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Harare

POLICE have recovered household goods worth over $20 billion from various
Harare suburbs and arrested 15 suspected housebreakers and armed robbers.

About 30 colour television sets were recovered in Glen Norah, Southerton,
Highlands, Kambuzuma, Warren Park, Braeside and the Marlborough area.

At Highlands Police Station, Detective Assistant Inspector Rangarirai
Shokoni said they recovered five computers, three 21-inch Daewoo, Sansui and
National colour television sets, five hi-fis, six video-cassette recorders
(VCRs), an Elna sewing machine, a solar panel and a bicycle.

Det Asst Insp Shokani said they suspected the property was stolen from
houses in Highlands and Marlborough.

"We have so far arrested three suspects who are currently assisting us in
our investigations," he said at the weekend.

At Marlborough Police Station, police recovered vehicle parts stripped from
a Mercedes Benz vehicle in Sunridge, whose open abandonment some
superstitious residents had believed to be mysterious.

The Benz was left on the roadside last month.

Also recovered were five computers, eight tyres, two 21-inch Panasonic and
Philips colour TVs, two modern Sony and Philips radios and two Panasonic and
Daewoo VCRs.

"We have recovered a VCD and CDs we suspect were stolen from Chinese-owned
shops or from an Asian family following a housebreaking and theft.

"We have arrested two suspects from Dzivaresekwa in connection with theft of
Mercedes Benz car parts. They are Forbes and Given Mapiki Mushore," a senior
officer at Marlborough Police Station said.

The bulk of the household property was recovered by Braeside Police Station.

Fourteen colour TVs comprising 21-inch Samsung, Philips, Supersonic, Samsung
Hi-Focus, Logik, and Daewoo sets and 14-inch Taijia, WRS and Supersonic sets
were also recovered from various suspects.

Six hi-fis, seven decoders and 12 VCRs, believed to have been stolen from
Waterfalls, Hatfield and Cranborne, were also recovered. Police also
recovered a Geolink telephone receiver numbered 873-761-473390 and a Defy
microwave.

Detective Inspector Marambanyika of Braeside yesterday said police also
recovered various gadgets, including 10 bolt cutters, which they suspected
to have been used by the suspects to break into various houses.

The Criminal Investigation Department report also recorded the recovery of
property worth $9,4 billion from a house in Vainona and arrested Eric
Masunungure, Luckson Sandidhi, Brian Mufuka and Tafadzwa Sandidhi.

Another suspect believed to have received stolen property was also arrested
and property worth over $3 billion recovered in Dzivaresekwa. Police said
Cecil Macheke of Warren Park was found with stolen property worth $31
million; Eric James was found with stolen property worth $18,5 million; and
Gomo Gomo of Mufakose had stolen property worth $14million.

Simbarashe Murambwa of Highfield was arrested and found with property worth
$20 million, Tsikirai Rasara was found with property worth $55 million,
while Ronald Chitekeshe and Alex Chikoore from Kambuzuma and Glen Norah were
found with property worth $10 million and $31 million respectively. Police
Assistant Commissioner Killian Mandisonza indicated last week that the
commendable performance by the CID was the result of hard work,
determination and willingness to work as a team with members of the public.

"We hope members of the community will continue to work with us as they
played a pivotal role in all these recoveries," he said.

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Chirundu Border Post: A Snoozing Economic Giant

The Herald (Harare)

COLUMN
July 26, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Obert Chifamba
Chirundu

A LONE baboon scuttles from truck to truck, taking time to examine the tents
covering the trailers for valuables, makes an exuberant gyration before
unceremoniously disembarking from the last truck. Surprisingly nobody
accords it any attention.

Everybody ranging from the truck driver, customs and immigration men, the
cross border traders, law enforcement agents, locals and tourists are busy
doing their own thing.

In fact, even too busy to mind and acknowledge the presence of the elephant
standing in the shades of the huge trees, which is a part of the setting.

And that mirrors the daily happenings at this great little commercial place
called Chirundu Border Post. This is a place that has easily become the
melting pot of many different cultures.

Talk of the different people that have put up at the place for the night -
the Zambians, Malawians, South Africans, Congolese and the locals, to just
but single out a few, doing trade with their Zambian neighbours from the
smallest to the colossal scale.

Of course the place looks very old with the simmering heat giving it a
ghastly appearance that can easily parallel the decay associated with
Victorian England as painted in the works of Charles Dickens in Great
Expectations and Thomas Hardy in The Mayor of Casterbridge respectively.

Everything about the place seems to militate against normal life.

To start with there are the wild animals to contend with.

Baboons make unchecked forays into any place they want - be it cars, stores,
buses and even houses and make off with anything they can lay their hands on
while their cousins, the monkeys compliment their effort too.

Then there are the elephants whose aggressive nature can easily overshadow
their day to day carefree attitude to the hub of human activity and traffic
that punctuates the day.

The high temperatures also need special mention in spoiling the day for the
visitor arriving at the place for the first time and the safest thing to do
under such circumstances is to rush for a cold drink. But the price is
deterrent.

A litre of the common coke beverage cost $4 000 while the 300ml bottle was
going for $2 000 this July. And that was well before the announcement of the
latest increase in the price of the commodity.

The traditional practice when a person goes hungry and thirsty is to buy a
drink and something solid, in most cases bread and guess what?

At Chirundu one has to cross the border into neighbouring Zambia to buy a
loaf of bread.

"The situation is a bit tricky here. We have to buy bread from Zambia since
we do not have regular supplies of the commodity from Zimbabwean bakeries,"
one grocer at the centre said.

Small things like the orange that can easily form an important commodity
under these hot conditions are actually attracting very high prices and
normally locals are always crossing into Zambia to sell them there where
there is a yawning market.

Having spent the long arduous day at the border post awaiting clearance
people normally require some accommodation for the night so that they can
continue with their journeys the following day.

And that is when the nightmare starts. The small motel that is there can not
cope with the demand for accommodation and the sad reality is that there are
no formal suburbs in the area.

A makeshift residential area that seems to be successfully standing the test
of time is the only option beckoning to the stranded traveller and the
houses there are constructed mostly from poles and dagga and roofed with any
material available-be it plastics, thatch, asbestos or even metal sheets.

The place is called Baghdad after the Iraq capital in the aftermath of the
1991 Gulf War bombings that left the place in desolation.

"The idea is to have a roof over your head for protection from the weather
and the uninvited animals that make their patrols of the suburb during the
night," one resident said.

He said that they sometimes made a lot of money from letting the rooms to
travellers who failed to get accommodated at the motel adding that even
truck drivers made a lot of money since they could always accommodate many
people in their trucks.

"Sometimes the truck drivers convert their trucks into lodges where they
accommodate prostitutes with their clients for a fee and at night the long
queue of trucks that snake towards the Zambezi are a hive of activity.

"These guys have their fair share of the blame in the spread of the HIV/AIDS
virus and other forms of sexually transmitted diseases," the man said.

The small clinic that is there gives lessons on the spread and prevention of
STIs every Tuesdays and Thursdays starting from 6p.m. in the to 10 p.m. for
the benefit of the working community. This comes courtesy of the efforts of
the NGO Corridors of Hope and the local nurses.

In terms of infrastructural development there is the new bridge to talk
about while the construction of the new Customs and Zimra offices and a new
police station that is nearing completion is set to give the place a new
look.

Otherwise the general condition of most of the buildings ranging from the
few decent houses belonging to the customs and immigration officials to the
few stores is gradually changing for the worse as there seems to be no
development plan in sight at the moment.

"Everything is alright here even though people might say a lot of negative
remarks about the area. We are developing at a pace that is corresponding to
the resources we have," the councillor of the area John Muzeza Mukonowenzou
said.

But Mukonowenzou conceded that the biggest development project in the area
was the bridge that was officially opened in December last year and the big
Zimra complex while they were making frantic efforts to have a television
and radio reception tower installed in the area.

There is no radio and television transmission in the Chirundu area and the
people there who own radio and television sets receive coverage from Zambia.

"At the moment we are seeing Studio 263 from the Zambian station and the
disappointing thing is that the soap is kilometres behind what is being
screened in our country.

"It is actually just at the beginning and we are always embarrassed to
discuss the soap with people receiving their transmission from Zimbabwe,"
one resident said.

Makuti area that is some 62km from Chirundu receives normal transmission
while Chirundu residents have to get news about Zimbabwe from Zambian
bulletins leaving many residents wondering if it was a noble idea to buy a
set of television or radio or even to have families there with them.

"I have decided to leave my family in Harare for their own good because they
will be cut from the normal communication highway of our country if I bring
them here," a member of the immigration department told The Herald recently.

Besides this problem of inadequate communication capacity, life at this
small place is very expensive, as retailers have no competitors in pricing
which leaves the consumers vulnerable to abuse every now and then.

There is a single conventional shop run by the local councillor while the
majority of other retail outlets are in the form of kiosks that usually run
dry of commodities allowing the sole shop to monopolise everything.

And believe it or not, cold water is sometimes among the list of commodities
that are sold at exorbitant prices owing to the high temperatures that are
typical of the area. To make matters worse, the sewage system of the
residential area was sited along upper Zambezi and the people are settled at
the lower region making contamination of the water a strong reality.

The water is therefore not always very safe for consumption even though it
forms one of the most important commodities for day to day use. But the
people in Chirundu have to make do with what is there. During the weekends
there are social soccer matches at the simple playground that is shared by
the community and the school.

"Different government departments that are working in the area have formed
their teams and we normally organise matches for weekends to entertain
ourselves if we can not go to other places," a worker with TelOne said.

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SOKWANELE

Enough is Enough

Zimbabwe

PROMOTING NON-VIOLENT PRINCIPLES TO ACHIEVE DEMOCRACY

We have a fundamental right to freedom of expression!

Sokwanele reporter

25 July 2004

So great is the paranoia gripping ZANU PF and so determined is the party to seize control of all food relief and humanitarian operations, that even ahead of the proposed legislation affecting NGO’s and the Churches they have started to close down HIV/AIDS service organisations operating in the Gwanda/Filibusi District in south-western Zimbabwe.

The AIDS and orphan care organisation called “Sibambene” run by the Catholic Archdiocese of Bulawayo was one of the first victims of the stringent new policy announced by the District Administrator, a political appointee. In March he ordered the Catholic AIDS Action Committee to stop their operations forthwith. It is understood that the Lutheran Development Services were also ordered to terminate their HIV/AIDS programme in the district, and an organization called Souls’ Comfort was told to stop taking photographs of people living with AIDS. In the case of the Sibambene scheme alone more than 400 orphans and terminally ill patients have been cut off from all assistance by this arbitrary move of doubtful legal authority.

Fr Martin Schupp, a Catholic priest and Chairperson of the Archdiocesan AIDS Board of Bulawayo confirmed that the programme activities in Gwanda had been suspended following the order to stop operations. In a prepared statement on behalf of Sibambene he said that “the programme was supporting 200 plus sick people with home-based care requirements (nursing kits, visits and nutrition requirements) and 200 plus orphans were receiving educational support and other requirements such as food when available”. The local priest in Gwanda, Fr Andrew Heier, said that all feeding of these vulnerable people had now stopped. Without any alternative supplies of food or health care, those affected are in a desperate predicament.

The politicians who make such inhumane decisions causing untold suffering in the community, and their underlings who enforce them, usually dress up their decisions in a legal guise. In this instance also the officials concerned claimed that Sibambene and the other Church organisations should have had certificates of registration from the Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare and were required to sign a memorandum of understanding with the local council. It is a fact however that the Catholic Archdiocese of Bulawayo has run this home-based AIDS and orphan care scheme in excess of 10 years without ever being required to seek registration, and hitherto the Church has not received any complaints about its activities from the authorities. Furthermore other such schemes organised by the Catholic Church (and others) are continuing across the country and without interference. So that responsibility for this cruel and inhumane “order” and for the appalling suffering caused thereby, must rest squarely on the shoulders of the District Administrator for Gwanda.

It is understood that so far as the Catholic Church is concerned the matter is being referred to an Episcopal Conference in August with a view to agreeing on a common stand on the issue whether the Church should seek registration. The late Archbishop Chakaipa of Harare was known to be strongly opposed to the Church registering for any of its humanitarian work.

With ZANU PF promising further harsh legislative measures to bring the humanitarian work of the Churches and NGO’s under their exclusive control, perhaps this account of arbitrary power and needless human suffering affords a glimpse of what lies ahead

Visit: www.sokwanele.com

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JUSTICE FOR AGRICULTURE URGENT LEGAL COMMUNIQUÉ - 26th JULY 2004

Email: justice@telco.co.zw; justiceforagriculture@zol.co.zw
Internet: www.justiceforagriculture.com

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LOT 11 SECTION 8 23RD JULY 2004

Bikita
1. 5707/92. Sabi Star Enterprises (Private) Limited: Bikita: The
Remaining Extent of Angus Ranch: 15 784,7999 ha

Charter
2. 5718/82. Campbell's Holdings (Private) Limited: Charter:
Inyatzitzi: 1 285 ha
3. 5718/82. Campbell's Holdings (Private) Limited: Charter: Chipisa:
642,4656 ha
4. 5718/82. Campbell's Holdings (Private) Limited: Charter:
Landsowne: 642,4556 ha
5. 2107/78. Johan Christiaan Adriaan Smit: Charter: Markdale South:
777,5162 ha

Chillimanzi
6. 1639/81. Johan Christiaan Kriek: Chillimanzi: Asemrowend Estate:
772,0545 ha
7. 1755/80. Johannes Machiel Jacobs: Chillimanzi: Grassland A: 1
372,7937 ha
8. 122/63. Jacobus Marthinus Erasmus: Chillimanzi: Floradale: 1
502,7218 acres
9. 2595/71. Johan Christiaan Kriek: Chillimanzi: Lot 1 of Beema:
274,0391 ha
10. 1032/58. Maria Elizabeth Kriek: Chillimanzi: Lot 2 of Beema:
159,9707 morgen
11. 6499/80. Phillip Rudolph Kruger: Chillimanzi: Middeldeel: 2
510,7960 ha
12. 4796/75. Jacob De Klerk Jovner: Chillimanzi: Northdale: 2
831,4770 ha
13. 2830/76. Jacobus Johannes Petrus La Grance: Chillimanzi:
Nuwejaar: 2 851,0558 ha
14. 1658/91. Indibreed (Private) Limited: Chillimanzi: Nyombi
Estate: 1 243,2046 ha
15. 4290/91. Nyororo Farm (Private) Limited: Chillimanzi: Noyororo
Estate: 2 412,7464 ha
16. 5701/80. Malcom Kenneth Mackintosh: Chillimanzi: The Remaining
Extent of Felixburg: 861,2261 ha
17. 5701/80. Malcom Kenneth Mackintosh: Chillimanzi: Subdivision a
of Grasslands: 854,1655 ha
18. 218/96. Fefetera Investments (Private) Limited: Chillimanzi:
Southdale: 2 381,0122 ha
19. 4287/77. Malcom Kenneth Mackintosh: Chillimanzi: The Remainder
of Daviot of Shasha Fountains: 1 157,1911 ha
20. 7788/89. The Jovner Family Trust: Chillimanzi: Widgeon: 5
3338734 ha

Gutu
21. 208/63. Dirk Cornelius Odendaal: Gutu: Blyth: 1
540,7476 acres
22. 893/47. William Charles Rhodes Nel: Gutu: Chibakwi: 1777 5980
morgen
23. 3602/81. Dirk Cornelius Odendaal: Gutu: Condor A: 2 015,6249
ha
24. 1170/76. Dirk Cornelius Odendaal, Gert Jacobus, Adrian Odendaal,
Thomas Johannes Bezuidenhout,
Johan Christiaan Kriek Bezuidenhout, Cecilia Jacomina Marais: Gutu:
Denholm: 493,4186 ha
25. 5022. Willoughby's Consolidated Company Limited: Gutu: Eastdale
Estate: 34 490 morgen
26. 6764/85. Dirk Cornelius Odendaal: Gutu: Edgar Ridge: 1
486,0588 ha
27. 1755/80. Johannes Machiel Jacobs: Gutu: Ellenswish of
Grassland: 513,9008 ha
28. 10489/99. Sepbell Investments (Private) Limited: Gutu: Good
Luck: 1 320,9935 ha
29. 2660/85. Benjamin James Layard Bezuidenhout: Gutu: Haig:
625,5951 ha
30. 689/76. Cristos Kantarias: Gutu: Ingogo: 1
461,6423 ha
31. 455/70. Dirk Cornelius Odendaal: Gutu: Leyburn: 1 412,7900
acres
32. 4899/85. Cornelius Johannes Odendaal: Gutu: Lorn: 1 978,4610
ha
33. 5051/82. Thomas Johannes Bezuidenhout: Gutu: Ripley: 543,0324
ha
34. 340/85. Dirk Cornelius Odendaal: Gutu: Merlin: 624,4017 ha
35. 560/62. Thomas Johannes Nel: Gutu: Noeldale: 3 970,5719
acres
36. 705/80. Thomas Johannes Nel: Gutu: Mijn Rust: 763,2604 ha
37. 2330/77. Jacobus Daniel Nel: Gutu: Muirlands: 961,9135 ha
38. 5081/84. Jacob Gerhardus Jovner: Gutu: The Remainder of
Welwart: 1 402,3613 ha
39. 10078/99. Jacobus Daniel Nel: Gutu: Nelville: 969,6304 ha
40. 9766/90. Wheatlands Holdings (Private) Limited: Gutu:
Wheatlands: 1 444,5634 ha
41. 6765/85. Cornelius Johannes Odendaal: Gutu: Willand: 1
245,1417 ha
42. 3465/80. Johannes Jacobus Smit: Gutu: Woodlands: 1 323,3918
ha
43. 5119/99. Hendrik Stephanus Veldman: Gutu:
Wragley: 813,6921 ha

Lomagundi
44. 4757/91. S & W Ranch (Private) Limited: Lomagundi: Chisanga:
805,8297 ha
45. 5681/87. S & W Ranch (Private) Limited: Lomagundi: Dendadales:
1 711,6927 ha

Makoni
46. 6272/86. Wederland (Pvt) Ltd: Makoni: Folkington: 981,5697
ha

Ndanga
47. 6844/98. Alne Estates (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Chiredzi A; 1
866,1289 ha
48. 2724/85. Jan Petrus Schalk Meyer; Ndanga; Eaglemont; 16
974,8829 ha
49. 1183/70. Buffalo Range Properties (Private) Limited; Ndanga;
The Remainder of Lot 1 of Buffalo Range; 976,1856 acres
50. 3556/88. Tony Renato Sarpo; Ndanga; Lot 1 of Chiredzi Ranch
North: 5 104,4678 ha
51. 5436/85. Sere Farm (Private) Limited: Ndanga: The Remainder of
Lot 1 of Essanby Estate: 480,1773 ha
52. 288/97. Armside Investments (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Lot 1
of Fair Range A: 261,7509 ha
53. 10789/2002. Virginia St.Barbe Carruthers-Smith: Ndanga: Lot 1
of Ruware Ranch Extension: 308,6773 ha
54. 1184/70. Buffalo Range Sugar Estates (Private) Limited: Ndanga:
The Remaining Extent of Lot 2 of Buffalo Range: 1576,6734 acres
55. 2568/77. Graham Henbdrie Scott: Ndanga: Lot 2 of Essanby
Watershed Extension: 151,8629 ha
56. 1486/84. Naude Holdings (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Lot 2 of
Fair Range Estate: 404,6387 ha
57. 2305/94. Palm River Ranch (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Lot 2A
Faversham comprising of stands Lot 2 of Faversham and Lot 4 of Faversham:
4 428,6756 ha
58. 7446/71. Buffalo Range Cane Farm (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Lot
2A of Triangle Ranch: 157,0871 ha
59. 1582/91. Fay d'Herbe Holdings (Private) Limited: Ndanga: The
Remaining Extent of Lot 3 of Buffalo Range: 985,3723 ha
60. 2304/94. Palm River Ranch (Pvt) Ltd: Ndanga: Lot 3 of
Faaversham: 3 251,4307 ha
61. 486/85. Clive Glenn Stockil: Ndanga: Lot 3A of Essanby Estate:
154,4332 ha
62. 494/85. Mapanza Investment Private Limited: Ndanga: Lot 4A of
Fair Range Estate: 1 460,8506 ha
63. 692/98. Eudan Naude: Ndanga: Lot 4 of Mkwasine Central:
152,6827 ha
64. 2202/79. David James Bryson: Ndanga: Lot 5 of Mkwasine
Central: 93,3253 ha
65. 2202/79. David James Bryson: Ndanga: Lot 6 of Mkwasine
Central: 69,2994 ha
66. 63/98. Robert John Tayler: Ndanga: Lot 7 of Mkwasine Central:
150,8280 ha
67. 3799/94. Virginia St. Barbe Carruthers-Smith: Ndanga: 161,6234
ha
68. 9472/88. Safari Company (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Melrose of
Glendevon Estate: 1 816,3569 ha
69. 5562/92. Spear Grass Farms (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Ngwane
Extension of Glendovon Estate: 1 808,1868 ha
70. 413/00. Hippo Valley Estates & Triangle Limited: Ndanga:
Mkwasine Estate: 18 834,3381 ha
71. 6864/98. Ringfinger Estates (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Ngwane
Ranch: 2059,8249 ha
72. 3909/75. D M Bently & Sons (Private) Limited: Ndanga: Samba
Ranch: 9373,7799 ha
73. 1826/99. Horsvalle Farming (Private) Limited: Ndanga: The
Remainder of Crown Ranch: 10 062,054 ha
74. 9286/88. Clive Leslie Holden: Ndanga: Turkey Heart of Lot 4A
Triangle Ranch: 227,3816 ha
75. 5671/80. Andrew Ogilvy McMurdon: Ndanga: Vredenburg: 13396818
ha
76. 850/91. Roy Alan Stockil: Ndanga: Yettom: 825,6636 ha

Nuanetsi
77. 121/90. Bonora Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Bonora of
Nuanetsi Ranch A: 4 935,2572 ha
78. 120/90. Dykersrus Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Dykersrust
of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 5 0987037 ha
79. 5927/87. B K Cawood (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Excelsior of
Baobab Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranche: 2 122,8923 ha
80. 3209/94. J C Kotze and Son (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Ivanhoe
of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 1 644,1503 ha
81. 9002/71. Edenvale Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Jabula of
Nuanetsi Ranche A: 6 819,7612 ha
82. 1853/64. Mopane Ranching Company (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 1 of Lot 2 of Sembwe of Nuanetsi Ranche: 8442, 7880 ha
83. 6450/80. Adriaan De Waal Van Der Westhuizen: Nuanetsi: Lot 1
of Mkumi Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 70389283 ha
84. 1895/81. Andre Eugene Fourie: Nuanetsi: Lot 1 of Quagge Pan
Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranche: 2 943,1275 ha
85. 569/72. Mopane Ranching Company (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 1 of Sembwe of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 4 154,7060 ha
86. 1052/87. Solomondale (Private) Ltd: Nuanetsi: Lot 1 of Wanezi
Block A: 1 436,2075 ha
87. 1119/85. Hendrik Boshoff: Nuanetsi: Lot 10 of Lot 1 of Lot 12
of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 6 070,5856 ha
88. 1394/98. Rudolph Erasmus Van Den Heever: Nuanetsi: Lot 10 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 829,5989 ha
89. 3041/90. Gerald Anthony Whitehead: Nuanetsi: Lot 11 of Lot 12
of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 809,7252 ha
90. 1394/98. Rudolph Erasmus Van Den Heever: Nuanetsi: Lot 12 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 981,7393 ha
91. 3041/90. Gerald Anthony Whitehead: Nuanetsi: Lot 16 of Lot 12
of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 810,5912 ha
92. 1394/98. Rudolph Erasmus Van Den Heever: Nuanetsi: Lot 17 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 810,8651 ha
93. 1818/82. James Henry Edwards: Nuanetsi: Lot 17 of Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 11 927,005 ha
94. 1394/98. Rudolph Erasmus Van Den Heever: Nuanetsi: Lot 19 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 820,4304 ha
95. 99/81. Joseph Ernest Alain Faydherbe: Nuanetsi: Lot 19 of
Nuanetsi Ranch A: 7 043,5958 ha
96. 7438/95. Maria Johanna Barnard: Nuanetsi: Lot 2 of Mkumi Ranch
of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 4 692,6900 ha
97. 4729/91. Raymond Roth: Nuanetsi: Lot 20 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 809,4061 ha
98. 11952/2000. Raymond Roth: Nuanetsi: Lot 21 of Lot 12 of
Nuanetsi Ranche A: 843,5621 ha
99. 4910/72. Cawoods Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 21A of
Nuanetsi Ranche A: 14 712,8968 ha
100. ?729/91. Raymond Roth: Nuanetsi: Lot 22 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 853,5739 ha
101. 8900/90. Caramel Estates (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 23
of Lot 12 of Nanetsi Ranche A: 909,4856 ha
102. 987/96. Bdumbi Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 24 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 810,8011 ha
103. 4729/97. Raymond Roth: Nuanetsi: Lot 25 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi
Ranch A: 943,3104 ha
104. 7992/88. De Vos Ranching (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 26
of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 872,2679 ha
105. 5377/90. De Vos Ranching (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 27
of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 889,0915 ha
106. 7992/88. De Vos Ranching (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 28
of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 813,1890 ha
107. 7992/88. De Vos Ranching (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 29
of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A. 833,7511 ha
108. 376/63. Edenvale Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 3 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 28 354,5703 acres
109. 7050/86. Rio enterprises (Pvt) Ltd: Nuanetsi: Lot 3 of Mkumi
Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 2 292,7327 ha
110. 1091/60. Umjanjele Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 3
of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 33 133,7564 acres
111. 6825/94. Bull Barrow Enterprises (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 34 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A. 810,8498 ha
112. 6825/94. Bull Barrow Enterprises (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 35 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 810,6935 ha
113. 1477/97. Louis Johannes Foord: Nuanetsi: Lot 12 of Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 810,5237 ha
114. 6825/94. Bull Barrow Enterprises (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 37 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A.: 810,3750 ha
115. 5923/70. Sheba Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 39 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 1 045,0693 ha
116. 1394/98. Rudolph Erasmus Van Den Heever: Nuanetsi: Lot 4 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 808,7292 ha
117. 5924/70. Sheba Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 40 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 953,0142 ha
118. 1991/92. Ilunga Estates (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 43A
Nuanetsi Ranche A: 5 147,8939 ha
119. 7062/94. George Arthur Viljoen: Nuanetsi: Lot 44A Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 5 445,8956 ha
120. 1609/99. Christina Catharina Langenhoven: Nuanetsi: Lot 49A
Nuanetsi Ranche A: 9 514,0779 ha
121. 1394/98. Rudolph Erasmus Van Den Heever: Nuanetsi: Lot 5 of
Lot 12 Nuametsi Ranche A: 805,3216 ha
122. 7498/71. Ranch Louis (Proprietary Ltd: Nuanetsi: Lot 5 of Lot
1 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 6 074,2386 ha
123. 7061/94. George Arthur Viljoen: Nuanetsi: Lot 50A Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 2 646,1056 ha
124. 6409/83. Mateke Hills Safaris (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot
6 of Lot 1 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 6 074,3238 ha
125. 834/91. Nyavasha Ranching & Safaris (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 6 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 793,3321 ha
126. 5922/70. Sheba Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 63 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 811,0429 ha
127. 5922/70. Sheba Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 62 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 813,0111 ha
128. 5925/70. Sheba Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 67 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 5 082,5387 ha
129. 5926/70. Sheba Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 68 of
Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche
A: 4 591,6203 ha
130. 5472/94. Mateke Hills Safaris (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot
69 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 3 264,4311 ha
131. 834/91. Nyavasha Ranching & Safaris (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 7 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 854,3431 ha
132. 4729/91. Raymond Roth: Nuanetsi: Lot 71 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 753,0012 ha
133. 4791/92. Raymond Roth: Nuanetsi: Lot 72 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi
Ranche A: 841,5431 ha
134. 5451/93. Junction Estates (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Lot 8
of Lot 1 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 6 073,9828 ha
135. 834/91. Nyavasha Ranching & Safaris (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 8 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 869,3599 ha
136. 834/91. Nyavasha Ranching & Safaris (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Lot 9 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 862,6242 ha
137. 4780/74. Louwrens Broers (Eiendoms) Beperk : Nuanetsi:
Mbavirira Estate: 499,3521 ha
138. 1478/74. Frederik Jacobus Van Der Sande: Nuanetsi: Nandice
Ranch A: 9 506,2557 ha
139. 833/65. Lowveldt Farms (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Nkomati
of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 2 368,3867 ha
140. 1673/72. De La Rey Beyers Fourie Geldenhuys: Nuanetsi:
Remaining Extent of Lot 1 of Lot 12 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 6 08,5040 ha
141. 3500/86. Firmandale (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Remaining
Extent of Quagga Pan Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranch: 5 277,3216 ha
142. 5398/88. Daniel Jacobus Theron: Nuanetsi: The Remaining
Extent of Rinette Ranch of Lot 4 of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 2 939,3266 ha
143. 147/65. Mopane Ranching Company (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
The Remaining Extent of Sembwe of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 6 410,6641 ha
144. 7327/87. Umfula Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: R/E of
Umfula Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 16 308,5447 ha
145. 331/85. L & L Ranchers (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Rutenga
Estate: 14 167,4681 ha
146. 5492/86. Chipangai Estates (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Solomon Landgoed Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranche: 10 484,9766 ha
147. 3421/73. Jacobus Cornelius Wartington: Nuanetsi: Sonop of
Nuanetsi Ranche A: 8 347,3360 ha
148. 5757/87. Selected Timbers (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: The
Remainder of Mokambi of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 4 622,2677 ha
149. 9622/88. C P Investments (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: The
Remainder of Stelmaroe A: 3 958,7007 ha
150. 6797/73. B J B Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Tinnor of
Nuanetsi Ranch A: 6 307,55 ha
151. 6797/73. B J B Ranch (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi: Tipperary
of Nunetsi Ranche A: 6 341,3620 ha
152. 7326/87. Nmfula Ranch (Pvt) Ltd: Nuanetsi: Van Beeck's Hulp
of Umfula Ranch of Nuanetsi Ranch A: 2 012,7013 ha
153. 3210/94. J C Kotze and Son (Private) Limited: Nuanetsi:
Wentzelhof of Nuanetsi Ranche A: 5 141,8978 ha

Urungwe
154. 6585/97. Ferreira Flowers (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Lapieta
of Scorpion: 372,8077 ha
155. 7917/90. Theunisseina Elizabeth Strdom: Urungwe: Lot 1 A of
Peveril Place comprising: Lot 1A of Peveril Place: 892,8819 ha
156. 462/71: J P Black (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Lot 1 of Ceres:
407,0100 ha
157. 6118/87. Nicolaas Francois Mostert: Urungwe: Lot 1 of Pumara:
404,6887 ha
158. 6288/87. Nicolaas Francois Mostert: Urungwe: Lot 2 of Pumara:
408,4805 ha
159. 5226/93. Josh Farming (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Lot 1 of
Brockley of Nassau Estate: 457,6069 ha
160. 4493/00. Ruggick Enterprises (Private) Limited: Urungwe:
Inanda: 439,7399 ha
161. 1932/85. Gypsy Investments (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Gremlin
Estate: 1 599,2091 ha
162. 4853/70. Amore Estates (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Garahanga:
3 613,3863 acres
163. 557/94. Glenoros Investments (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Drift
Wood: 295,0400 ha
164. 1694/75. James Andrew Beattie: Urungwe: Dendera Estate:
508,1043 ha
165. 6690/92. Chorodza Farm (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Chorodza:
907,31098 ha
166. 9161/90. Sangeni Estates (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Chobeni:
303,3799 ha
167. 1043/99. J H Watt and Sons (Private) Limited: Urungwe:
Bueervant Estate: 1 253,1189 ha
168. 5358/80. Kingsley Markley Edwards: Urungwe: Broad Acres: 1
169,8572 ha
169. 754/78. Fronca M Spignes, Gregory Calsas Spignes, Leal M Spignes,
Carol A Spignese, Teri Van Kirl 10%: Urungwe: Asuali Valley Estate A:
1 152,9932 ha
170. 3802/81. Wenney Estate (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Andrilen:
611,3800 ha
171. 183/88. M A Carpenter (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Thurlaston:
890,7582 ha
172. 622/94. Catharina Pretorius Widow: Urungwe: Toekoms Estate:
660,1387 ha
173. 9643/89. Donald Farming Enterprises (Private) Limited: Urungwe:
Yeadon Estate: 936,7083 ha
174. 1507/91. Mukunga Farm (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Remainder
of Pumula: 687,9467 ha
175. 6854/70. Nyamanda Farm (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Remainder
of Chelvern Estate: 572,3074 ha
176. 912/97. C and S Werrett (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Remaining
Extent of Rowangoma: 535,5755 ha
177. 6465/95. Chris Shepherd Enterprises (Private) Limited: Urungwe:
Nyamanda: 1 061,5230 ha
178. 538/83. Wenida Arabiar Studd (Private) Limited: Urungwe:
Nyaramanda: 1 293,6353 ha
179. 3911/86. Nicolas Johann & Hoffman Smia: Urungwe: Momba
Estate: 1 156,2461 ha
180. 5838/94. Demasembi Store: Urungwe: Manna: 273,1891 ha
181. 383/91. Wilcor Farm (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Kumusha:
327,89 ha
182. 5656/89. Weninda A Stud (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Little
Gem of Chilvern Estate: 439,3800 ha
183. 1117/89. Leith Bray (Private) Limited: Urungwe: Meidon
Estate: 1 088,3668 ha

Victoria
184. 6355/80. Vitagreens (1975) (Private) Limited: Victoria: Acton:
421,7796 ha
185. 1008/61. HJ and PD Swart (Private) Limited: Victoria: The
Remaining Extent of Bompst: 933,4734 acres
186. 5624/69. Albertus Jacob Pepler: Victoria: The Remaining
Extent of Dromore: 2 150,9557 acres
187. 4696/81. Osman Habib Khan: Victoria: Elands Kop: 858,8021
ha
188. 1047/76. Kimberly Ranche (Private) Limited: Victoria:
Kimberley Ranche: 2 904 ha
189. 5776/79. Roy Alan Stockil: Victoria: Marah Ranche: 856,5223
ha
190. 5508/78. Warranted Investments (Private) Limited: Victoria:
The Remainder of Cotopaxi: 1 377,6193 ha
191. 6084/90. Grange Farms (Private) Limited: Victoria: The
Remaining Extent of The Grange: 1 475,2611 ha
192. 5721/82. Graham William and Yvonne Goddard: Victoria: The
Remaining Extent of Ibeka: 1 056,4180 ha
193. 4696/81. O H Khan: Victoria: Sanangwi: 688,6405 ha
194. 2294/65. A O McMurdon (Private) Limited: Victoria: Shalloch
Park Farm: 2 032,4494 acres
195. 2487/91. Sale Camp Investment Company (Private) Limited:
Victoria: The Remainder of Sale Camp: 927,5421 ha
196. 3220/54. Formaz Dairy (Private) Limited: Victoria: The
Remaining Extent of "Victoria Ranch": 790,3020 morgen
197. 7040/86. Wondedzo Farm (Private) Limited: Victoria: Wondedzo
Extension: 1 284,7771 ha

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Our Bill of Rights Doesn't Become Invalid North of the Limpopo

Sunday Times (Johannesburg)

OPINION
July 25, 2004
Posted to the web July 26, 2004

Carmel Rickard
Johannesburg

Foreign policy must be guided by the principles of the Constitution

Alleged mercenaries would not have been in the mind of leading international
lawyer John Du gard when he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the
University of Pretoria earlier this year. But his remarks on that occasion
have proved a curtain-raiser for the argument that South Africa should
intervene to protect the alleged soldiers of fortune now being held in
Zimbabwe.

Dugard, formerly law professor of Wits University, left to take up an
appointment at the University of Leiden - world leader in international
law - when it became clear that he would continue to be overlooked for
judicial appointment under the new government, just as he had been under the
old.

So there's a nice irony in the fact that he was extensively quoted in the
Constitutional Court this week as the world's leading jurist on the subject
of states' duties to citizens in need of diplomatic assistance.

His argument on the occasion of his honorary doctorate dealt with Article 8
of the Constitution. This says that the Bill of Rights applies to "all law,
and binds the legislature, the executive, the judiciary and all organs of
state".

Surely, said Dugard, this meant that the Constitution obliged the executive
to apply the Bill of Rights in its conduct of foreign affairs? The state
must be "guided by the Bill of Rights in its relations with other states,"
he added.

"Why should the executive be bound to follow the Bill of Rights
domestically, but not internationally?"

In the context of his speech, Dugard was addressing Pretoria's relations
with Zimbabwe, and he asked rhetorically whether the South African executive
was not bound by the values of the Bill of Rights in its dealings with that
country.

This week, the essence of this argument was again raised. This time it was
put to the Constitutional Court by the Society for the Abolition of the
Death Penalty in South Africa.

Lawyers representing the society appeared, along with representatives of the
state, and representatives of the alleged mercenaries, to debate what steps,
if any, Pretoria should take to ensure that the men in Zimbabwe are assured
a fair trial once they are extradited to Equatorial Guinea, and that they
are not subjected to capital punishment, if convicted.

The strongest argument made by lawyers acting for the jailed men was that
the only way they could be ensured a fair trial was if Pretoria had them
returned to South Africa to be charged here.

There is already some precedent in South Africa's own constitutional history
for the proposition that the duty of the state does not stop at the border.
It's found in the case of Khalfan Khamis Mohamed, the man extradited by
Pretoria to the US where he was wanted in connection with the 1998 bombings
of US embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam. Pretoria handed over the
alleged terrorist without getting any assurances that he would not face the
death penalty if convicted.

When the matter went to the Constitutional Court, the authorities were found
to have acted wrongly in their cavalier handover - even though Mohamed was
not even a South African. Just by virtue of being in this country he was
entitled to the protection of the Bill of Rights. South Africa's foreign
policy was found lacking to the extent that it permitted him to be delivered
to US officials without the necessary guarantees.

There are, of course, differences between those facts and the matter of the
alleged mercenaries. They had voluntarily left South Africa for another
country, and so the case that they are trying to make out is one that would
take Pretoria's obligations even further than in the case of Mohamed.

As counsel for the Society for the Abolition of the Death Penalty, Wim
Trengove SC told the court, in international law, South Africa is entitled
to act on behalf of its citizens. There is no barrier to Pretoria taking
steps to extend protection beyond its borders.

But under the Constitution, the supreme law in South Africa, which governs
all law and policy in this country, there is more than entitlement - there
is a duty to act in a way which accords with constitutional values in all
aspects of state decision- and policy-making.

In other words, even foreign policy must be guided by the principles of the
Constitution.

And that proposition must surely make sense. Take an extreme example.
Suppose that our Constitution operated internally, but part of our foreign
policy was to support a country that engaged in the slave trade.

As a result we brought lots of money into South Africa; money that had been
made through enslaving people in other parts of the world. Clearly such a
foreign policy could not be congruent with the Constitution, for slave
trading is anathema to our values of human freedom and dignity.

The question that remains is whether the Constitution - and the
Constitutional Court - can reach the government's foreign policy to do
anything about such a situation.

The answer to that must surely be that if the court can rule that some
internal policies of the government are unconstitutional, it must also be
able to rule that certain external policies are equally unacceptable,
unconstitutional and invalid.

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