The ZIMBABWE Situation Our thoughts and prayers are with Zimbabwe
- may peace, truth and justice prevail.

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Messages of support and prayer for Zimbabwe and her people are flooding in from all over the world. Here is a typical one:

"To all the people of Zimbabwe and The M.D.C.our hearts and thoughts are with you all in the days that follow for the final "push". CHENJA! Bring us home where our hearts and children belong!"

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Below are points raised by the MDC President, Morgan Tsvangirai in response to the order yesterday by a High Court Judge ordering the MDC and the MDC President to call off the mass action which starts tomorrow.

1 June 2003
Order to stop mass action invalid, and therefore illegal.

  1. Neither the MDC nor myself received a proper notice of a hearing;
  2. The purported notice handed to me by a police officer does indicate the date for the hearing;
  3. The purported affidavit filed by the Commissioner of Police is irregular; it was not signed by the said Commissioner of Police;
  4. Even assuming that the order is binding on me, which I deny, it has no effect as it merely interdicts me and the MDC from holding demonstrations. It does not interdict members of the public from participating in any form of mass action;
  5. In addition, and in any event, the call for mass action was not only made by me and the MDC. Various organizations, including ZCTU, the NCA, Student movements, and other civil society groups called for mass action, but have not been enjoined to the so-called order. In effect, the mass action may proceed without the MDC or me;
  6. The order was not served on me in terms of the rules of the court. I merely received a copy from a police officer in circumstances, which I believe to be a matter of courtesy.
  7. Our lawyers have been informed of this development.

 

Morgan Tsvangirai
MDC President

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Zvakwana Newsletter #27 - All for one, and one for all
June 01, 2003

Harare - The march starts in the city centre.

9am
Monday, June 2nd

You will see where people are gathering. The march is for everybody. It is not somebody else's march. It's YOUR march.

PLEASE forward this message to your cell phone networks, email contacts and tell your family, friends, colleagues and workers.

We are many. They are few.
It is time.


Be the change you want to see in the world.
~ Mahatma Gandhi


Week of Action - helplines

If you need information or have information to pass on relating to the forthcoming week of Mass Action for Democracy, these helpline numbers will try to assist you. Print this out and put it by your telephone, on your desk, in your diary, in your car . . . and pass on to others also.

Harare Helpline Numbers (email incident details to: news@zvakwana.org )

Bulawayo Helpline Numbers (email incident details to: sokwanele_zim@yahoo.com )

General Numbers

Zvakwana, Sokwanele, Enough is enough!

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Mail and Guardian

Roadblocks in place ahead of Zimbabwe protests


      Ryan Truscott | Harare

      01 June 2003 11:39

Amid growing economic hardship and heightened political tensions, Zimbabwe's
main opposition leader has urged his supporters to defy the law and take to
the streets on Monday to protest against the government of President Robert
Mugabe.

Morgan Tsvangirai, leader of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) has
called for a week of "democracy marches" and strikes to force Mugabe to
discuss the country's economic and political problems with the opposition.

He has urged Zimbabweans to "rise up in your millions" defying strict new
security laws under which demonstrations have to be given police clearance.

But the government has reacted angrily, saying the opposition is planning a
coup d'etat aimed at forcing Mugabe out of office.

Security forces have been placed on high alert and several cabinet ministers
and the Zimbabwean army have threatened to forcefully crush any outbreak of
violence.

Veterans of the country's war against white minority rule have said they
will not stand by and watch MDC supporters march on State House, where
Mugabe lives.

Such an action would lead to "casualties", warned war veterans leader
Patrick Nyaruwata on Friday.

Tsvangirai has assured the government the marches will be peaceful, but
Mugabe's government says opposition mass action is always laced with
"banditry and terrorism."

Justice Minister Patrick Chinamasa was quoted in Saturday's state-run Herald
newspaper saying the MDC "speak peace when they actually plan to wage war".

Police had on Saturday already set up roadblocks on major routes leading
into the city centre, while hundreds of people queued outside banks in
central Harare to withdraw cash.

There has been frenzied buying in shops this week ahead of the strike, due
to last from Monday to Friday. A "stayaway" in March called by the MDC was
widely followed in major cities.

Hundreds of MDC supporters were arrested or assaulted by the police after
that stoppage, the opposition and human rights organisations have claimed.
handed out in March.

Fifty-one year-old Tsvangirai, a former trade unionist, has rejected
Mugabe's victory in last year's presidential elections. He wants a re-run of
the poll, and has gone to court to petition the result. It is not clear if
ordinary Zimbabweans will be discouraged from taking part in the latest
showdown because of the treatment

The opposition leader and his party have dubbed next week's mass action the
"final push" for freedom.

Tsvangirai is due to appear in court on Monday as part of his ongoing
treason trial, but may try to lead the action ahead of his court appearance.

The MDC blames Mugabe's government for the intense economic hardships
gripping the country.

Inflation stands at more than 269%, and Zimbabwe is experiencing chronic
shortages of food, fuel, bank notes and electricity, while hospitals are
desperately short of drugs, staff and emergency blood supplies.

Tsvangirai has been holding rallies across the country in the past few weeks
to drum up support for anti-government protests.

More rallies are planned for this weekend.

"There's no riskier business than to allow this country to collapse," he
told reporters on Friday. - Sapa-AFP
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CNN

Week of anti-Mugabe protests set
Sunday, June 1, 2003 Posted: 7:12 AM EDT (1112 GMT)


HARARE, Zimbabwe (Reuters) -- Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe faces one of
the biggest challenges of his 23-year-old rule during a week of protests
called to drive him from power.

The opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) has vowed to press ahead
with demonstrations against Mugabe starting on Monday despite warnings
government forces will crush them.

The MDC demands Mugabe resign, accusing him of mismanaging an economy now in
crisis, with record inflation and unemployment, and shortages of food, fuel
and foreign currency.

Mugabe, a 79-year-old former guerrilla leader and one of Africa's "hard old
men," denies the charge.

He might win the street combat, but political analysts said the protests
would refocus world attention on him, undermine morale in his ranks and
could push him into early talks with his rivals.

The government has put its security forces on full alert, deployed troops in
some restive townships and set up roadblocks.

"The government is saying it is going to play tough...but even if it manages
to contain the situation this time round, in political terms Mugabe will
still emerge the loser," said Brian Kagoro, lawyer and co-ordinator of
rights group Zimbabwe Crisis.

"Mugabe is under the spotlight, and even some of his people are going to
persuade him to compromise, to talk, because they must know that this is
unsustainable," he told Reuters.

In an unprecedented action, Mugabe's police chief on Saturday won an interim
High Court order that MDC leader Morgan Tsvangirai call off the protests or
face arrest.

While the opposition viewed the appeal to the court as a sign of government
nervousness, political analysts said Mugabe had been empowered to arrest
Tsvangirai and other MDC leaders legally if they defied the court order.

The MDC, insisting the order was against violent protests, said its own
demonstrations would be peaceful and they intended to challenge the court
ruling.

In a weekend editorial, the privately owned Daily News called on Mugabe to
allow peaceful protests, saying he was facing his end-game and force would
not help his case.

"Whatever happens during the mass protests called by the opposition, it is
clear that the government's policy of using the iron fist to keep harassed
Zimbabweans in check has run its course and will no longer work," it said.

On Saturday, thousands of people jammed supermarkets and banks around
Zimbabwe to stock up for the protests.

Mugabe, in power since independence from Britain in 1980, blames the crisis
on opponents of his seizures of land from the tiny white minority for
redistribution among landless blacks.
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Zambia News Agency

Commonwealth says it will not leave any stone unturned in remedying the
Zimbabwe saga


Lusaka, JUNE 1, ZANA - The Commonwealth says it will not leave any stones
unturned in pursuing a lasting solution to the problems in Zimbabwe.

Head of the Commonwealth Secretariat Donald Mckinnon said today that the
Commonwealth was committed to finding a lasting solution to the Zimbabwe
problems but the Zimbabweans had to meet the organisation half way.

Mr Mckinnon said the Commonwealth expected Zimbabwe to do something about
the groupings suggestions to that country on how the issue of land could
best be handled.

Addressing a press briefing today, Mr Mckinnon said from the beginning the
Commonwealth had wanted to assist Zimbabwe and its people but these have
been frustrated by officials in Harare.

" I have sent special envoys toZimbabwe in the hope that we could diffuse
the situation but all my endeavours have been unsuccessful." He said.

He said the need to find a solution to the Zimbabwe problem was long
overdue, and the cost the land issue has had on the Southern African country
was regrettable.

He admitted that a better way could have been used to overcome the problems
in Zimbabwe, but efforts by the Commonwealth to do this were frustrated.

Mr Mckinnon however said the suspension of Zimbabwe from the Commonwealth
was not done to punish the innocent Zimbabweans.

He mantained that Commonwealth Member states suggested that Zimbabwe be
suspended from the Council of ministers until further notice.

He said as the situation stands, the Robert Mugabe led Zimbabwe was still
suspended until the Commonwealth meets to review this.

Sanctions have been slapped on Zimbabwe following the March 2002 elections
which saw President Mugabe retain power as Zimbabwe's President.

The Land grabbing issue is another exercise that has further strained the
relationship between Mugabe and the West as the latter are not happy with
the way it has been handled by authorities.

Most western countries and institutions including the United States of
America, and the European Union have since slapped economic sanctions on the
Southern African country.

The sanctions have however had the worst impact on innocent Zimbabweans who
have to queue for literally everything, as most of the essential commodities
including fuel are in short supply.

Zimbabwe, which is a former British colony has accused British Prime
Minister Tony Blair of interfering in domestic matters, while the Blair
Administration has accused the Zimbabwean government of not handling the
sensitive land issue properly.

The Zimbabwean leader however enjoys tremendous support from almost all
countries in the region.

ZANA.
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Zim Standard

      Tsvangirai to lead march
      By Henry Makiwa and Caiphas Chimhete

      MOVEMENT for Democratic Change (MDC) President Morgan Tsvangirai will
lead tomorrow's mass protests dubbed "the final push" in Harare contrary to
government claims that the opposition leader would be stopped from
participating by his appearance in court.

      MDC secretary-general Welshman Ncube yesterday confirmed the
participation of Tsvangirai and that he will lead the marches in the capital
city early tomorrow before attending his court case at the High Court that
normally begins after 9 am.

      He is on trial for allegedly plotting to assassinate Mugabe together
with his party's secretary general, Welshman Ncube and Gweru rural
legislator, Renson Gasela.

      "Tsvangirai will lead the protests before 10 am and then leave for the
High Court. He will join the protesters again after his trial at 4 pm in the
afternoon," said Ncube, who will also participate in the marches.

      Demonstrators in Harare would march from their different locations to
town where they would gather at a venue to be decided by the march leaders.

      It is at this venue, which The Standard understands to be Africa Unity
Square, that Tsvangirai and several other opposition party leaders would
address the protestors.

      In apparent signs of panic and anxiety, the government launched a
desperate and frantic decampaigning exercise against the weeklong protests.
Apart from an urgent court application by the parastatal Zupco to get the
MDC to call off the mass action, the police last night secured yet another
court interdict to stop the opposition party from participating in the
planned protests.

      In spite of the legal manovures, there were heavy troop movements in
the country yesterday.

      In the capital, heavy police and military presence swarmed much of the
city while some anti-riot vehicles were spotted making rounds in the
residential areas.

      People living near Cranborne Barracks yesterday said several military
vehicles carrying heavy equipment were spotted heading toward the city while
dozens of soldiers and police officers were deployed at Zanu PF
headquarters, Munhumutapa Building and at the State House, Mugabe's official
residence.

      There were several roadblocks at most roads leading into Harare's
central business district.

      Commuters who passed near the State House were yesterday being
subjected to thorough body searches and asked to produce identification
particulars.

      Others claimed that police and army officers beat them in Chitungwiza
on Friday night accusing them of organising the street protests.

      Bulawayo was tense with Zimbabwe's second largest city teaming up with
police and military personnel.

      There were reports of intimidation by the police in the restless city
trying to cow residents from participating in the marches.

      In Mutare, heavily armed police officers, some on horseback, disrupted
a meeting of the opposition party's women's league at the Beit Hall.

      MDC's provincial chairman, Timothy Mubhawu, said this would however
not deter them from taking part in the march tommorrow.

      Residents of the eastern border town are expected to meet at the
Meikles Gardens before proceeding to the Provincial Governor's offices to
hand a petition demanding that Mugabe leaves office.

      In Masvingo, the small town was awash with soldiers and policemen who
went around beating people in Mucheke suburb.

      Heavily-armed Support Unit police reportedly ransacked houses of MDC
activists in the Ma "R" section of Masvingo's Mucheke high-density suburbs
and assaulted them in full public glare at the city's central bus terminus.

      Home Affairs minister Kembo Mohadi yesterday told The Standard that
government would deal firmly with the protestors.

      "We will not tolerate any stupid things, we will just deal with all
mischief makers accordingly. And I will not tell you of how we plan to do it
because you may alert your colleagues at the MDC," Mohadi fumed.

      "We are ready for whatever is coming ... the police are mine, I am
their general. We are ready!" he added ominously.

      l Meanwhile, police in Gwanda yesterday refused to allow the entry of
copies of the South African-based regional weekly newspaper, The Sunday
Times, which has been a persistent critic of the Zimbabwean government.

      William Nyamangara, an official from the paper's publication and
distribution sector, yesterday said Zimbabwean police had detained the
paper's distribution delivery van in Gwanda that was headed for Bulawayo.
However copies for Harare were flown in.

      The paper's headline today reads: "Mugabe faces final push".
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Zim Standard

      War veterans' faction demands Mugabe ouster
      By Caiphas Chimhete

      AN independent group of war veterans, the Zimbabwe Liberators Platform
(ZLP) has called on President Robert Mugabe to step down and an urgent
amendment of the Constitution to pave way for a transitional government.

      The ZLP, which has refused to be used by the Zanu PF regime, said
Mugabe, accused of rigging the 2002 Presidential election, has ruined the
country's economy and "must quit office as soon as possible" if the current
political and economic problems are to be resolved.

      ZLP national chairperson, Anthony Mukwendi said the nature and extent
of the political, economic and humanitarian crisis requires an urgent
all-stakeholders' conference to deliberate on the issues affecting the
country.

      "Everyone must be involved from political parties, business, labour,
churches to NGOs. We can't leave the future of this country to political
parties because they are pre-occupied with amassing political power," said
Mukwendi.

      He said after the conference, Parliament would then be urged to
initiate debate on the amendment of the Constitution to make way for a
transitional government.

      "What we need now is to amend the Constitution, force Mugabe to go and
put in a transitional government that comprises civic organisations," said
Mukwendi, who says his organisation boasts of a membership of 10 000
countrywide.

      However, National Constitutional Assembly (NCA) chairperson, Lovemore
Madhuku, said to amend the Constitution both Zanu PF and the Movement for
Democratic Change (MDC) needed to forge a "political agreement" because it
requires the approval of at least two-thirds of the members of parliament.

      Under the current constitution, if the President steps down, the
vice-president who last acted as President will take over and fresh
elections would be held after 90 days.

      The ZLP also blasted the chaotic land reform programme, saying there
was need to revisit the exercise when Mugabe goes.

      "Mugabe was just parceling out land to friends and his supporters
without taking into account the usage. In any case why should people endorse
a Zanu PF land reform programme that was designed to prop up its waning
support," said Mukwendi.

      The government claims it has resettled 54 000 new farmers under the A2
model while at least 300 000 have been allocated land under the A1 scheme.
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Zim Standard

      ZRP slammed for human rights abuses
      By our own Staff

      THE Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP)'s credibility as one of the most
respected forces on the continent, has been shattered because of its
involvement in politically-related human rights violations over the past few
years, a human rights activist has said.

      The executive director of the Human Rights Trust of Southern Africa
(SAHRIT), Philliat Matsheza, said although the local police were well
trained, they had become too partisan in their dealings "on orders from the
top".

      Police Commissioner Augustine Chihuri was last week forced to
relinquish his honorary vice president post at Interpol after complaints
that the international police organisation had awarded him the position as a
recognition of its endorsement of the ZRP's actions in Zimbabwe.

      The ZRP had claimed, after Chihuri's appointment, that his elevation
was recognition of the local police force's professionalism, which Interpol
denied.

      Matsheza said: "I would not say they (the ZRP) are ignorant of laws
when violating people's rights because they are well trained. It is because
they get directives to act in the way they do from the top."

      The police have been accused of selective application of the law,
targeting mainly members of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change
(MDC).

      Several opposition members have been illegally detained and tortured
with some of them dying as a result of wounds sustained in the hands of the
police.

      One of the victims of police brutality, Tonderayi Machiridza, died on
Independence Day after being heavily tortured at St Mary's police station in
Chitungwiza.

      Matsheza said in Southern Africa, the ZRP were among the most prepared
force in the region to implement policing in a human rights environment, if
they wanted to.

      "Because we are in a different and difficult political environment,
they are not doing what they are supposed to do," said Matsheza, whose
organisation, is doing consultancy work for the police on how to improve
ZRP's general conduct.

      According to the report by the Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum
released early this year, there was an increase in organised violence and
torture as the campaign for the presidential election took off a year ago.

      "As the violence generally increased, so did the number of cases in
which the members of the police, the CIO and the army were alleged to be
primary perpetrators," said the report, "Torture by State Agents in
Zimbabwe: January 2001 to August 2002".

      A recent dossier by a member of the Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum
recorded 36 cases of police brutality out of a total of 180 cases reported.

      The dossier alleged that the police, the Central Intelligence
Organisation, and to lesser degree, the army, were all involved in gross
human rights violations.

      The United Nations has in the past invited the ZRP, whose reputation
is unfortunately on the wane, on numerous international peacekeeping
missions.
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Zim Standard

      Zimbabweans pledge massive support for stayaway
      By Henry Makiwa

      MANY Zimbabweans have indicated that they will take part in tomorrow's
proposed weeklong mass street protests but have under`lined the importance
of the Movement of Democratic Change (MDC's) leadership to take principal
roles in the marches.

      In a snap survey conducted by The Standard, most people said for the
street demonstrations to be successful, the MDC leadership needed to take
foremost roles in the mass action to show communion with the suffering
populace.

      They said the protests presented a good opportunity for crisis wracked
Zimbabweans to vent their anger at the government in the face of a political
and economic crisis that has spiraled out of control.

      Tendai Mumuti of Harare's Budiriro high-density suburb said: "The MDC
leadership now has to put up a show of courage because the people are behind
them. The people are definitely tired of this government more so because we
are not allowed to speak out our problems. They see us all as threats to
their political survival.

      "Most of us now realise that with this government, we cannot go
anywhere if we fear repression. What has been done by this regime has not
been done anywhere in the world. They have relentlessly instilled terror in
the people so much that discontented as the people may be, they will never
say it out."

      Civil anger at the shortages of food, fuel and even bank notes,
coupled with frequent electric power cuts, have scaled new heights.

      As the country's economic malaise continues to worsen, banks were
reported to be buying local currency on the parallel market in a development
economists said was a first in world financial history.

      Farai Mutamba of Belvedere said: "The streets of Harare are littered
with signs that show that time is fast running out for the Zanu PF
government largely because they have failed to address our problems.

      "Even soldiers, the police and ordinary Zanu PF supporters themselves
can now see that the government is bereft of any clues to save the comatose
economy.

      "I believe many people will take to the streets and register their
anger at the Zanu PF regime and probably oust Mugabe once and for all."

      In most towns and cities, panic-stricken consumers were for most of
the week frantically snapping any available food at retail outlets while
thousands of workers complained that they had not been paid monthly salaries
because of the shortage of cash at banks.

      Observers however noted that the government would resort to repressive
and draconian legislations such as the Public Order and Security Act (POSA)
to try to crush the protests.

      Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs minister Patrick Chinamasa
warned on Thursday that the protests were tantamount to an attempt to a
stage a coup d'etat.

      * Meanwhile, the National Constitution Assembly (NCA), which is also
taking an active part in the street protests, has urged people to go out in
full force to show their anger.

      Ernest Mudzengi, NCA's advocacy officer said people should realise
that the cause for freedom of expression far outweighed the threats from the
police and the army.

      Munyaradzi Bidi, a human rights activist, said the people have the
right to stage the protests without fear of state condoned repression.

      Bidi said: "The government's greatest undoing has been the lack of
tolerance. The people have been calling for attention and change but the
government has been unheeding and insensitive.

      "Tomorrow's protests, if conducted peacefully, are a way of expression
that is universally recognised in the Universal Declaration of Rights and
even in our Constitution. So the government is urged to desist from using
brute force in dealing with the protesters and should uphold the right of
freedom of expression which is the cornerstone for national unity and
democracy."
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Zim Standard

      Zanu PF Politburo gags Moyo
      By our own Staff

      THE Zanu PF Politburo has ordered junior Information Minister Jonathan
Moyo to withdraw television advertisements that show opposition leader
Morgan Tsvangirai warning President Robert Mugabe to go peacefully or else
risk a violent overthrow, it emerged yesterday.

      Sources close to the government's Department of Information and
Publicity told The Standard yesterday that the Zanu PF supreme decision
making body had also forced the withdrawal of another advert in which
Tsvangirai warned people that they would face severe food shortages.

      The Politburo, the sources noted, felt the adverts that were
incessantly repeated on national television during prime time viewing, were
actually popularising the opposition leader.

      "The adverts had intended to paint Tsvangirai badly but they instead
portrayed him as a visionary who had predicted what was actually now
happening," said the source.

      In one of the adverts, an upbeat Tsvangirai is shown telling people:
"Munoti murikushaiwa chikafu muchashaisisa", a prediction that is now
generally accepted given the current severe shortages of essential food
commodities like maize meal, cooking oil, bread, sugar, milk and others.
Tsvangirai made the statement during the run up to the March 2002
presidential election.

      The government naively hoped the advert would portray Tsvangirai as a
reckless and uncaring leader of the opposition.
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Zim Standard

Letters

      The wretched life of a civil servant


      ALLOW me space through your widely read paper to reflect on the life
of the civil servant of our beloved country- Zimbabwe.

      The majority of civil servants are leading a miserable life as their
incomes are unrealistic considering the macro-economic conditions that are
prevailing at the moment. Who in his right senses can justify a family man
being given a meagre salary of say $50 000 and be expected to provide family
requirements such as food, transport and other welfare needs like medical
expenses.

      Inflation is now pegged at 269% but this is a fictitious figure from
the statistics office because their figures are based on the controlled
prices but who in this day and age dreams of finding goods with controlled
prices. The truth is inflation is way ahead of the official figures. The
recent transport increments by government smack of hypocrisy. In fact, all
it ammounted to was "we want to see you at work attitude" attitude of the
authorities and certainly not a genuine concern for the peoples' welfare.

      The general civil service should take a cue from the teachers' union
who have expressed their genuine concern by taking an industrial action.
Action is the only language the oppressed should use and that which the
oppressor understands.

      For how long should we continue to nurse this bleeding and arrogant
government? Who would continue to sympathize with this government in the
guise of patriotism as if anyone has ever been invited for dinner where
patriotism was served as desert or appetizer.


      Maguta Kunyarwa

      Harare
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Zim Standard

Letters

      Planning for a new Zimbabwe must start now, not tomorrow


      THERE is no doubt in my mind that one of the main reasons why those
who have brought down Zimbabwe down to its knees are refusing to leave is
that they are sitting on something foul that will certainly surprise
Zimbabweans when eventually they are forced to leave office.

      What they fear most is the reaction of Zimbabweans who when all along
thought they owned a country, realise that in actual fact they now own
nothing and everthing has been personalised. I mean everything from the
people's land to national assets: Zesa, Noczim and to Zimbabwe Defence
Industries and everything else having to do with public funds and public
investment.

      We have a huge task in rebuilding the country after Mugabe and Zanu PF
are evicted from the government. Mutoro mukuru unorema.As we speak I am sure
the fat cats in Zanu PF are busy covering their tracks. Records are being
destroyed and assets being moved and hidden. The next government will have a
mammoth big task of putting information together to find out how these guys
have been running our country but most records will be missing.

      The real challenge after the people's revolution will be how to make
sure all government structures are deZanunised in a manner that does not
compound our problems. For example, how are we going to make sure that these
guys will not carry out S-O-W(Sabotage on withdrawal) tasks just to make
things tough for the next government? How are we going to reorient and
rehabilitate a police force that has been turned into a mercenary force
against its own people? Will the people of Zimbabwe respect such a police
force?

      How are we going to reorient an army that is permanently intoxicated
with a liberation war and has clearly failed to transform itself from a
liberation front into a national army? How are we going to transform a
public service that has slid into a culture of corruption into a committed
service dedicated to serving the country without engaging in clandestine
deals during the conduct of their duties? How are we going to steer back our
agro-economy into production without further aggravating the situation that
has been created by Ndini Chete through his greed for power?

      In my opinion, any future government must seriously start mapping out
detailed strategic plans to address the issues I have raised. The time to do
is now. That incoming government must not wait until the political goals are
achieved, otherwise it will be confronted by a serious vacuum soon after
taking over. It is impractical to evict everyone senior in the public
service soon after taking over, no matter how much such members may have
been aligned to Zanu PF. That future government has to start now to consult
with senior people in the public service about how it intends to proceed and
to have their views.

      The MDC shadow ministers must not underestimate the task that lies
ahead of them, and they must not adopt the fatal "I know it all" syndrome,
which has been the hallmark of Zanu PF misrule.


      Simon Bere

      Harare

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Zim Standard

Letters

      Zhakata ban shows government paranoia


      THE banning from the airwaves of Leonard Zhakata's latest musical
offering cannot simply be dismissed as another quarrel between politics and
the arts. It is a manifestation of the government's increasing awe at the
power of the media in Zimbabwe.

      In a democracy, art and politics are in fierce competition for the
people's hearts. Both compete to project, as accurately as possible, the
people's dreams and aspirations. Politicians and artists quarrel
ocassionally, but still respect each other's right to exist. The Mugabe
regime has a pathetic record in this natural arrangement. It is not
difficult to understand why it regards artistic expression as a corrupting
influence on politics.

      Politically conscious artists often project the prevailing political
mood. They intepret the people's collective political vision against the one
political leaders always try to impose. We have seen the musician's power to
influence and motivate in Thomas Mapfumo's Chimurenga and Lucky Dube's
anti-apatheid songs. Zhakata's popularity is testimony of his ability to
touch hearts. To silence him is tantamount to silencing the people-a futile
attempt. At this critical moment in Zimbabwe's history, it makes sense that
art should despair at the prevailing anarchy and defy the tyranny. Zhakata
or any other musician would betray the public mood if they sang solely of
roses and castles in the sky.

      Instead of silencing musicians, Zanu PF should urge its members to
compete with the like of Zhakata on the music scene. Let them compose songs
in praise of the violence, corruption and purging of the opposition and
we'll see who sells the most copies.


      Obert Ronald Madondo

      Ohio, USA
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Zim Standard

      Zimbabwe reneges on IMF debt
      By our own Staff

      THE Zimbabwean government has reneged on its pledge to make quarterly
repayments to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) heightening chances that
its executive board will strip Harare's voting and related rights from the
fund when it meets in Washington on Friday.

      In a major test case that is likely to hand another blow to the
already country's tattered image on the international arena, the Bretton
Woods institution's board will discuss a report drawn by its staff mission
which was in Harare two months ago.

      In March, Chris Kuruneri, the Deputy Minister of Finance and Economic
Development, assured a visiting IMF delegation which was conducting the
annual Article IV consultation talks that government had restructured its
debt to make quarterly payments of $1,5 million.

      However, in an interview with Standard Business, Finance and Economic
Development Minister Herbert Murerwa disclosed that the government had
failed to meet its pledge because of the chronic scarcity of foreign
exchange.

      The decision to suspend Harare's voting and related rights in the fund
depends on the executive board's assessment of a member country's policies
and on payments made to the fund. Policy measures taken and payments made
until Friday will be taken into account.

      "We are still in arrears with the IMF and other lenders. We had
restructured our debt but we have not been able to meet that because of
foreign currency problems," said Murerwa.

      If suspended, Zimbabwe joins the league of Sudan, Ethiopia and
Liberia, which was stripped of its voting and related rights from the global
lender in March.

      A suspension of voting and related rights would mean that Zimbabwe
would no longer be able to participate in the election of an executive
director and to cast its vote on the executive board on policy and country
matters.

      "We are in dire straits. If you don't pay your creditors you will be
in trouble," said Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions chief economist, Godfrey
Kanyenze.

      "The possibilities of suspension are there. It is very possible for us
to be suspended purely on the basis of non-servicing of debt. If you don't
see us suspended, it will be politics," said Daniel Ndlela, an analyst with
Zimconsult.
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Zim Standard

      MDC unveils economic blueprint
      By our own Staff

      THE Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) is set to unveil its economic
blueprint code-named "Restart" this month as the party positions itself on
to assume power, Standard Business has gathered.

      "Restart which is an acronym for Reconstruction, Stabilisation,
Recovery and Transformation, is an overhauled version of the party's Bold,
Revitalising and Innovative while being oriented to Development, Growth and
Employment (Bridge) crafted in 2001.

      Party insiders said "Bridge" had been dumped following an audit and
options exercise carried on it by the party's economic affairs department in
April. It was rejected as a neo-liberal document.

      On Wednesday, Tapiwa Mashakada, the MDC's shadow minister for finance,
said the party's economic affairs department was finalising the blueprint to
salvage the country from the ongoing economic ruin".

      He said they were consulting business, labour, academics and civil
society in drawing up the economic plan.

      "Our audit revealed that the economy had actually deteriorated so
much. We realised that we must move away from stabilisation to
reconstruction," said Mashakada.
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Zim Standard

      Why Government is losing the propaganda war
      Chido Makunike on Sunday

      THE Mugabe government's propaganda machinery has the very difficult
task of trying to portray it in favourable light at a time few things are
going right in Zimbabwe.

      If the hardship, deprivation and uncertainty are the result of a war
the population support, or a natural disaster the government can show itself
to be managing to the best of its abilities, difficult times can actually
present unique opportunities to rally public opinion. They do not
automatically mean trouble for the rulers, as is the case in Zimbabwe today,
if information is managed effectively.

      Domestically, one task of the information department run by Jonathan
Moyo and George Charamba is to make the ruling party and government look
good to the electorate so that they can continue to win hearts and minds,
and be retained in power. The positive element of this is to highlight
whatever achievements the government can claim, while the negative side is
to play up the weaknesses of the opposition.

      Apart from this narrow partisan end, it also has a responsibility to
make Zimbabweans appreciate the challenges facing them as a nation. When
this is well done, it fosters national cohesiveness, strengthening our
identity as Zimbabweans, rather than primarily as members of our particular
ethnic, racial or political groupings.

      Good "information and publicity" is not merely relating what the
government said or did. It must be put in a context that helps citizens to
understand what impact it has on their lives individually and collectively,
and what choices or sacrifices may be needed to achieve national goals.

      Effective communication could make the public understand the need to
accept higher prices for fuel or electricity, even as people grumble about
it. It helps if the fuel is readily available to buy at those higher prices
of course! If it not, as is the case in Zimbabwe now, the information
department's task then becomes explaining the non-availability effectively
so that the public understands and is soothed, as well as convinced to make
the necessary sacrifices.

      Internationally, the propaganda department must put the country's best
foot forward by complementing the work of all other departments of state.
When facing the world, any partisan slant should be avoided, recognising
that we are seen as Zimbabweans more than as members of one political party
or another, no matter how strongly held our party affiliations.

      When the country is not doing something very well, the information
apparatus of the state should explain the reason for our poor performance
and show the efforts we are making to improve, thus minimising whatever
perceptual damage might be caused.

      The Minister of Finance will soon make a trip to the US to plead with
the IMF for more time to pay off overdue debts, as well as presumably ask
for additional credit for many critical needs such as the importation of
food to feed the many hungry.

      If one or more officials there has read an effective report by the
propaganda department explaining the country's predicament in some newspaper
or on the Internet, he is likely to be more receptive to the visiting
minister's representations. This report could be in the form of a good
interview in which the information minister acquits himself with friendly
dignity, answers questions truthfully and lays his government's cards
clearly on the table. Can you imagine this of Jonathan Moyo?

      If, on the other hand, the last report he saw on Zimbabwe was of a
propagandist of that broke, impoverished government haughtily talking about
how his government didn't need anybody, and insulting his race and way of
life, do you think that official is going to be favourably disposed to the
visiting finance minister?

      The propaganda minister might feel very good at having got things off
his chest, but his outburst impacts directly and negatively on the work of
the finance minister and other officials who have the responsibility to
produce more than just hot air for the country. In a system that works
smoothly and competently, the propaganda department should always be
subordinate to productive or service departments of state, and should
coordinate with and complement their work, rather than make it more
difficult.

      Another key information function of state is to win more friends than
enemies for the country. You may demonise your foe at a time of war, but
generally speaking a key function of the propaganda department is to try to
win over opinion to one's way of thinking, or at least gain sympathy for it,
not just to score rhetorical and debating points, even at the cost of the
national interest.

      To do this it is important to engage even those you do not think of as
natural allies. Effective propaganda is not just about preaching to the
converted to ensure they do not stray from the faith, it is also about
winning over new converts to one's side as a political party or a nation. A
good propagandist must be readily accessible to those who seek him in the
hope of selling his "product" to them, not haughty and retiring.

      The propaganda department should be involved in lobbying other
departments of state to "act right". It should explain to the police that
there is no way images of Zimbabweans being beaten and bloodied by them or
with their cooperation, can be explained to the world in a way that makes
the government look good. They should not be trying to justify and cover up
atrocities to the world. That is not clever propaganda.

      The propaganda machinery serves the national interest more when it
lobbies the immigration department to respect the country's judiciary, than
when it seeks to defend flagrant violations of the country's laws. The world
may marvel at the rhetorical gymnastics of clever, well spoken
propagandists, but they will still wonder why a country bothers to have laws
if they are not applied with any consistency or fairness. Why have judges if
their verdicts can be ignored on a vice president or bureaucrat's whim with
absolute impunity?

      The information and publicity department of Moyo and Charamba seeks to
limit our freedoms by cynical use of the legal process and have caused the
arrest of Zimbabweans lawfully going about their jobs. They are at the
forefront of spreading hate speech, and inciting Zimbabweans against each
other. Foreign leaders and countries whose good relations we desperately
need have been insulted and are no longer willing to come to our help at a
time we need all the friends in the world.

      Instead of protesting the ill treatment of Zimbabweans by organs of
state, so that they can more effectively sell the image of a peaceful
country in which the rule of law prevails, they have sought to justify those
abuses. The propaganda department under Moyo and Charamba has taken the
unprecedented step of undermining the ministers and other officials of the
government they serve together in, presenting an image of chaos and lack of
coordination in government actions.

      The result? The ruling party that once completely dominated public
affection continues to lose ground to an upstart, novice opposition party.
The people are alienated from their leaders and government as never before.
Internationally, even those we claim to be our friends are not willing to
come to our material aid, a few limiting their "support" to rhetoric as
puerile and empty as that of our propagandists.

      Readers and fellow Zimbabweans, it is my submission that by every
measure of propaganda that should serve the national interest, the
department of information and publicity has failed Zimbabwe miserably.

      Chidomakunike@yahoo.com
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Zim Standard

      The madness that surrounds us
      Sundaytalk with Pius Wakatama

      This week, The Standard launches a new column, Sundaytalk with Pius
Wakatama. Mr Wakatama, a prolific and respected writer, has joined our team
of regular contributors.

      I would like to say thank you to so many people who wrote to The Daily
News and those who phoned me, with concern, because they missed my weekly
contribution to the newspaper.

      Your words of encouragement are much appreciated. I want to assure you
that I have not defected from those who are fighting for the truth against
injustice, intolerance, corruption, lack of transparency, disrespect for
human rights, bad governance and other evils which beset our society today.
I will, as of today, continue the crusade through The Standard, which has
continued to be a beacon of hope to many.

      Many people have asked me why I stopped writing for The Daily News.
Well, I am not like some people, we all know, who constantly dwell on the
ills and glories of the past. I would rather learn from the past, forget it
and talk about the future which seems to offer a ray of hope at this time.
By the look of things, it will not be long before we have a new incumbent at
State House. All of Zimbabwe is now looking towards that day when we can all
start rebuilding our destroyed country.

      However, I do have some words of advice, for what they are worth, to
The Daily News. To that noble newspaper I say; 'Do not forget your humble
beginnings and the small men and women who worked hard under tough
conditions to make you what you are today. It is worrying that they now seem
to be so dispensable. Remember, 'pride goes before a fall.'

      Many people were rather anxious when the founding editor Geoff Nyarota
was unceremoniously fired. Their fears proved to be unfounded when the paper
continued on the same unwavering track with John Gambanga as editor. Now the
anxiety has returned again with the replacement of Gambanga by Francis
Mdlongwa. This anxiety, which I share, is not necessarily out of emotional
concern for individuals. While staff changes are sometimes necessary for any
organisation, it is also true that people need to be treated fairly. At The
Daily News, the large number of people leaving certainly raises eyebrows.

      The anxiety stems from the fact that The Daily News has been such a
source of information and, indeed, inspiration for Zimbabweans that they
would not like it to change. It has been a truly independent paper, owing no
allegiance to the opposition, the ruling party or to any sectional
interests. Its allegiance has been to the people of Zimbabwe as a whole even
though the government tried to stick all kinds of labels on it.

      My own hope is that The Daily News does not lose its focus and become
elitist and detached. I hope that it does not get drunk with success and get
taken up with grandiose social, political and economic issues which have
nothing to do with the lives of ordinary Zimbabweans.

      The Daily News has been focused on the plight of the down-trodden. It,
together with The Standard and The Zimbabwe Independent, awoke the people to
the stark realities around them and smote their consciences that today they
are fearlessly saying "Enough is enough". Lets hope The Daily News will
remain true to its founding spirit and even be better.

      My intention was not to dwell so much on The Daily News but, in this
my maiden contribution to The Standard, to write about the madness around
us, which I will now proceed to do.

      A professor once said to me, in a psychology class; "Pius, the
difference between mental normalcy and absolute madness is the degree by
which one wanders off from speech or behaviour considered normal by
society."

      In other words it depends on society (the majority) to decide whether
one is mad or not. The standard of measurement is the degree by which one is
considered to have veered from ordinarily accepted speech or behaviour. If
the degree is overwhelming we are regarded as mad and can be
institutionalised in some asylum. If the degree is rather significantbut not
acute, we are referred to as 'eccentric' but not mad. If the degree is small
we are considered normal. A few moments of madness are, therefore,
acceptable.

      I too, have had my moments of madness. One such moment was when I was
listening to Morgan Tsvangirai, the MDC leader, on television. He had just
said; " We say to Mugabe, please, go peacefully. If he does not want to go
peacefully, we shall remove him violently!"

      I responded by saying, 'Bravo, Morgan. That is the only way to do it."

      After a while, I realised this was madness. I am sure Tsvangirai later
regretted his words just like our President regretted his own "moment of
madness" when he unleashed the Fifth Brigade on defenceless Ndebeles.

      What is worrying is that our President's moments of madness seem to be
so many. However, it depends on the Zimbabwean society as a whole, to
determine whether the number of his moments of madness go over the
acceptable degree or not. I am sure it will do no harm to take a look at
what most normal people in Zimbabwe seem to consider to be our President's
moments of madness.

      Many commentators concluded that the awarding of $50 000 each (which
was unbudgeted for) to war veterans and the sending of our army to the
Democratic Republic of Congo were acts of madness which set us firmly on the
road of economic ruin. Another moment of madness was the illegal and violent
seizure of white owned farms which brought poverty for this once rich
country. Yes, another moment of madness was when our president said to the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) "go to hell".
Today, he is secretly sending emissaries to those institutions to ask for
forgiveness and to beg for financial assistance because our situation is
dire indeed.

      Unfortunately that chances of those institutions coming to bail out
Zimbabwe are nil. They are controlled by the United States, Britain and
other western countries which President Mugabe has insulted ad infinitum.
They will only come to our aid when President Mugabe is no longer in charge.

      It was also a moment of madness when the president sanctioned the
imposition of a blanket price control regime on all basic commodities. The
result was as predicted by all sane realists, yours truly included. There
were immediate shortages and a robust black market emerged. It sent prices
soaring to levels unaffordable by the ordinary citizen.

      Yet another moment of madness was when the president fired the
Minister of Finance, Simba Makoni, for daring to suggest that the Zimbabwe
dollar be devalued to a realistic level. The president as much accused
Makoni of attempting to sabotage the economy. Actually it was the president
who had sabotaged the economy. He had fueled the black market by stubbornly
maintaining the exchange rate at US $1 to Z$55.

      As a result, the Reserve Bank has no foreign currency for the country,
although this does not mean there is no foreign currency in Zimbabwe. It is
being traded on the black market and the government recognises this and has
advised banks and its own institutions to source foreign on the illegal
black market. If this is not madness then tell me what it is.

      He who has ears to hear, let them hear.
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Zim Standard

Comment

      Do or Die


      THE week we have just begun could mark a turning point in the 23-year
history of independent Zimbabwe as ordinary citizens make the choice between
the status quo and a new political dispensation.

      It is a sad indictment those who have enjoyed the privilege of leading
this country over the past 23 years that today, a once prosperous beacon of
hope in Africa, has been reduced to another basket case in a much maligned
continent.

      The week-long mass stayaway that the Movement for Democratic Change
(MDC) and its leadership has called for is a result of what has gone
terribly wrong in our country. Everything around us has crumbled like a deck
of cards.

      Life has become virtually impossible for most Zimbabweans. We are
alive by instinct and by the grace of God only. The people of Zimbabwe are
galvanised by a single impulse: to get a crumb, even just a crumb of
something to put into their stomachs to sustain life and limb.

      As Zimbabweans either march in their cities and towns or simply stay
at home, it will not necessarily be about the removing the de facto
President and the government from power but to say 'Enough is Enough. The
tide of feeling about the tragedy that has gripped the country is running
very high and this could be the opportunity for Zimbabweans to shake off a
label now being bandied around-that we are a docile people.

      We know that the police and soldiers will be looking for any excuse to
use their weapons. They have been drilled to believe this is their duty and
that if they shoot demonstrators, they will be protecting Zimbabwe's
sovereignty and constitution. This is the nonsense they have been told. Yet
we believe many of them understand that sovereingty is not a preserve of the
ruling class. The constution is there to protect the rights of all
Zimbabweans regardless of their tribe, colour, religion or political
persuasion.

      Firing indiscriminately into a crowd of unarmed demonstrators is a
negation of the most basic tenets of civilised governance. If they decide to
turn their water on, thereby wounding the whole nation, Zimbabweans must
react by kneeling in the streets and praying.

      For they would have declared an unwinnable and unfathomable war.
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Zim Standard

      The Fire This Time
      Standard Comment

      IT is no exaggeration to say that no demonstrations since the 1950s in
Zimbabwe will be as popular as the ones planned for this week. People are
desperately in need of everything: food, fuel, cash-the whole lot.

      The circumstances are cruel enough. Zimbabwe is a country in tragedy's
grip. The destruction of the country by Zanu PF has sparked an unprecedented
upheaval in the country's politics, culture and mores.

      We hold no brief for the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). But we
do know for sure that the economic and political calamity that the country
is facing has nothing to do with the MDC. Zimbabweans are struggling to
escape the poverty and suffering that has been caused by Zanu PF's
mismanagement of the economy.

      Just to keep the record straight: MDC does not want to stage a coup
through the anti-Mugabe marches. There is no intention whatsoever on the
part of the MDC to unconstitutionally remove the President and the
Government of Zimbabwe from power. In saying this, we are not being
spokespersons of MDC but merely putting the correct perspective to the
forthcoming demonstrations. We owe it to our readers to provide the proper
context to what may rank as one of the significant political events in
Zimbabwe this year.

      The ruling party in its panic over the real possibility of Zimbabwe's
streets being filled with demonstrators is using the lie of overthrowing the
government as one of its chief propaganda arguments against the planned
marches. The MDC has neither the capacity nor the intention of unleashing
violence on the public and against government institutions and property. For
that will be as unwise as it is ignoble.

      MDC or no MDC, Zimbabweans are simply fed up. Everybody knows that for
international support and assistance to flow into the country, there has to
be the political solution to our problems and that begins with the
realisation that President Mugabe has become a liability. And in the heart
of their hearts, Zanu PF knows this. The final push must be understood in
the context of putting pressure on President Mugabe to enter into a serious
and genuine dialogue with the MDC that will culminate in his departure from
office to save this country. How this is done legally and timeously, is a
matter for the negotiators. Zimbabweans are heartily ratifying the mass
action in this context, no matter what consequences. Such action should
further the aim of lifting the country out of its hideous economic mess.

      Nobody believes the Zanu PF propaganda arguments anymore. For the
Shamuyariras and Goches to talk about the motive behind the mass action
being to effect a coup against the legitimately elected government of
Zimbabwe is laughable. The truth for the ruling party's cadres, as we have
continually shown in our pages, remains an alien concept. In all the
speeches, advertisements in the press and elsewhere and in all the rallies
that the MDC has been holding countrywide in the past few weeks to mobilise
support for the final push, not once was the word 'coup' mentioned.

      Knowing Zanu PF as we do, it is predictable that they should distort
the whole situation in their drive to remain in power at all costs. They
know that their defeat is imminent and all they are trying to do is to delay
the inevitable. The Zanu PF edifice is collapsing around them. The street
marches are the beginning of the end. They know that.

      It is obvious that Zimbabweans are poised collectively to enter the
last lap. Even if MDC were to do nothing, the end for Zanu PF as it is
presently constituted is about to be reached. Hope and confidence is about
to be restored in Zimbabwe. The 'final push' fever has caught on.

      In fact, there is now no option at all. That is why the government is
running scared. They are trying all sorts of tricks to block the marches.
After threatening the demonstrators, the police late Saturday obtained a
court interdict to stop the popular demonstrations. If this is not confusion
and desperation on the part of the powers that be, we do not know what is.
Clearly, the ruling party is in for the fight of its life.

      This week's demonstrations are not the sort that split society and
families. Zimbabweans of all races and creeds fully support these peaceful
marches and want to be fully involved in them and if uniformed forces try to
mow down the marchers. they will never be forgiven. Be that as it may,
Zimbabweans this week will prove equal to the challenge. The demonstrations
this time appear to usher a new Zimbabwe.
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Zim Standard

      No money to buy nothing
      overthetopBy Brian Latham

      IN a bizarre twist of economic management a new shortage has hit a
troubled central African nation.

      Not content with shortages of everything from food to fuel, last week
money ran out. Economists said that while this might not be deliberate
policy on the part of the almost ruling Zany Party, it was certainly a
result of Zany Economics.

      "What it means is that you now have no money to buy all those things
that aren't available," an economist told Over The Top. "And if that doesn't
make sense, tell me what does," he added.

      Meanwhile lengthy queues of angry and troubled citizens of the
troubled central African nation grew in leaps and bounds outside banks and
building societies as tens of thousands waited impatiently for their pay.
"We need the money that isn't there to buy the things that aren't in the
shops," said a confused central African.

      Still, just where the money had gone remained a mystery. An activist
for the More Drink Coming party said he suspected it was being kept in
cupboards by Zany Party leaders who were stockpiling it in anticipation of
indefinite stayaways.

      While Zany bankers have admitted that the central bank had run out of
money to print money, it still didn't explain where the money already
printed had gone.

      Diplomats with wide-ranging experience of tin pot regimes and
hyperinflation also said it was a mystery. "We've seen inflation of over
1000 percent before, but we've never seen a country run out of bank notes,"
said one bewildered ambassador.

      The strange development means the troubled central African regime now
has no foreign currency or local currency, a unique feat of economic
mismanagement thought to be unparalleled even by such corrupt and decadent
governments as Albania.

      The latest shortage means cash joins a long list of unobtainable items
in the troubled central African kleptocracy. These include such basic
necessities as mealie meal, bread, sugar, cigarettes, coal, diesel, petrol,
tyres, butter, cooking oil and many more items than a column of this length
has room to print.

      Meanwhile a Zany spokesman told OTT that the whole thing was being
blown out of proportion and made into a propaganda issue by the opposition
More Drink Coming Party and its British sponsors. "I really don't know what
people are complaining about because there's nothing to buy, so who needs
money?" He said. "This is just the sort of thing the lackeys of imperialism
would make a meal of. Besides, we have it on good information that they and
their neo-colonialist masters have hidden all the cash."

      Asked whether there was any merit in the suggestion, a Western
diplomat laughed. "It would be a very silly man who buys the troubled
central African country's currency," he said. "That would be a bit like
investing in Bulgarian technology."

      But an unnamed political analyst warned that the shortage of money
could be the spark that ignites the troubled central African bonfire. Mixing
his metaphors, he said: "This could be the spark that breaks the camel's
back."

      Still, while hundreds of thousands of people were queuing for their
money, the most equal of all comrades was preparing to travel to distant
Nigeria to attend the inauguration of another leader who recently won a
widely condemned election. Close aides said it was unlikely the most equal
of all comrades would have to queue for anything, except perhaps a seat at a
Nepad conference also scheduled in the continent's capital of corruption.

      The shortage also came a week before the More Drinking Party called
for mass demonstrations and strikes. Analysts said the strikes were likely
to be successful, but only if the More Drink Coming Party leaders actually
joined in this time.
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